第五目    前后照应，起承转合
第1条  转折关系：
例1 （4941）The plane was now dangerously close to the ground, but to everyone's relief, it soon began to climb. The man had to circle the airport several times in order to become familiar with the controls of the plane.    86    the danger had not yet passed.
A. Then      B. Therefore       C. But      D. Moreover
例2 （4956）A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply, all these were important factors in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution.   72 they were not enough.
72. A. But      B. And       C. Besides        D. Even
例3 （4901）The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection;   77  , what he needs is to be fitted into a highly organized university system quite different from that at home.
A. otherwise        B. moreover      C. however      D. also
例4 Arguably the most important conclusion that emerges from the data, 80  , is not something that we found--- but what we did not.
80. A. yet         B. still          C. moreover       D. however
例 5 （4896）  71  these wide modern roads are generally smooth and well maintained, ---, a direct route is not always the most enjoyable one.
71． A. Although     B. Since      C. Because     D. Therefore
例6 （4941） The plane was moving unsteadily through the air, and 71 the passengers had fastened their seat belts, they were suddenly thrown forward.
71. A. although      B. while       C. therefore    D. then
例 7 （40212）…the great tit(山雀) is a case in point, it has about twenty different calls, 78  in human language the number of possible utterance is limitless.
A. whereas      B. since       C. anyhow       D. somehow
but(4941/86；4956/72；4981/7７；40212/67；40212/74) however  (4891/77；4016/80；4011/86)  though (4981/77） nevertheless although (4896/71；4941/71；4976/78)  even though while (4941/71;4956/89；4981/63) yet  (4016/80) whereas (40212/78)：
第2条  对比与对照：
Contrast & comparison
用每题下面A，B，C三个选项中的最合适的词语分别完成下列句子。
1.  The two machines    considerably. One has an electric motor, the other runs on oil.
    A. differ               B. differentiate          C. differential
2.  The    in weather between the north and the south of the country is very noticeable.
    A. comparison          B. contrast              C. compare
3.  Many people cannot    between lemon juice and lime juice.
    A. differ               B. differentiate           C. contrast
4.  Children must be taught to    between right and wrong.
    A. differ              B. contrast              C. distinguish
5.  There is a    between being interested in politics and joining a political party.
    A. distinguish          B. distinctive            C. distinction
6.  Can you tell the    between a good boss and a bad one?
    A. difference           B. differentiate           C. contrast
7.  The management must not    between male and female applicants.
    A. differ              B. contrast             C. discriminate
8.  Asia covers a huge area.     , Europe is very small.
A. By way of contrast   B. By ways of comparing    C. By similar means
9.  The new model of car is very    to the old one.
    A. same               B. similar                C. common
10. Her political opinions are    to mine.
    A. same               B. exactly                C. identical
11. Some political parties have such similar manifestos (宣言) that they are difficult to    .
    A. tell apart            B. say apart            C. speak apart
12. My friends and I enjoy doing many of the same things. In that respect, we have a lot   .
    A. in similar         B. in particular            C. in common
13. There seems to be a large    between the number of people employed in service industries, and those employed in the primary sector.
A. discrimination 区别、   辨别
B. discretion   谨慎、考虑周到
C. discrepancy （言论、记述）不同
14. British and Australian people share the same language, but in other respects they are as different as    .
    A. cats and dogs    B. chalk and cheese    C. salt and pepper
15. Britain's economy is largely based on its industry,    a few hundred years ago it was an agrarian country.
A. wherefore           B. whereas               C. whereby 
例 (4951) Forcing yourself to recall almost never helps because it doesn't   81   your memory; it only tightens it.
81. A) loosen    B) weaken  C)decrease   D)reduce
Opposites
用下面的反义词替换各句中的斜体词。
VERBS
withdrew;                       fell;
rewarded;                       loosened;
refused (to let);                   set;
denied;                         deteriorated;
abandoned;                      lowered;
demolished;                      retreated;
simplified;                       defended;
rejected
1. They accepted the offer of a ceasefire. 
2. He admitted telling lies in his original statement. 
3. The army slowly advanced, leaving a trail of devastation in its path. 
4. They agreed to meet to discuss the future of the organization. 
5. The minister attacked his party's policies in a speech in Parliament.
6. The apartments blocks they built were the ugliest in the city. 
7. He complicated matters by rewriting the original proposal.
8. They continued their plans to assassinate the king when he opened the parliament. 
9. He deposited $7,000-half his college fees for the forthcoming year.
10. Relations between the two countries have improved considerably in the last year. 
11. He permitted us to present our petition directly to the President.
12. The members of the commune were punished for their part in the revolution.
13. He raised the overall standards of the company within two months of his appointment.
14. As soon as the sun rose, the demonstrators began to appear on the streets.  
15. Prices rose sharply in the first three months of the financial year.
 16. As soon as he had tightened the knots, he pushed the boat out.