Mann                      man
Wif                         woman
Cild                        child
Hus                        house
Mete                       food
Etan                        eat
Drincan                   drink
Feohtan                   fight
8.the most wide-spread morphological change in the historical development of English are the loss and addition of affixes.
9.As the result of Norman Conquest of 1066, vast quantities of French words were added to English vocabulary.
10.in general, linguistic change in the sound system and the vocabulary of a language is more noticeable than that in other systems of the grammar.
11.the ancient adjective agreement rule was dropped out of English mainly because the inflectional endings to show agreement in case, number and gender became distinct.
12.英语的语言变化linguistic change of English (loss, addition, change)
   声音Sound change              
   形态Morphological change
   句法Syntactic change
   语义Semantic change
   词汇Lexical change
13.Language change is essentially a matter of change in the Grammar.
14.Sound change includes changes in vowel sounds, and in the loss, gain and movement of sounds.
  Great Vowel Shift             Sound Loss               Sound Gain  
   Middle
E.  Modern
E.     Middle
E.  Modern E.     Middle
E.  Modern E.
Five  Fi:v  Faiv   Nicht/nixt  nait     Spinle  spindle
Mous  Mu:s  Maus   Goose/go:si  Gu:s     Film  Filum
口语发音
Feet  Fe:t  Fi:t   Name/na:ma  Neim     Glimse  Glimpse
Mood  Mo:d  Mu:d   Love/luv  l∧v     Timer  timber
Break  Brз:ken  Breik   Helpe尾音  Help消失         
Broke  Brc:ken  Brзuk               
15.The most widely-spread morphological changes in the historical development of English are the loss and addition of affixes.
16.Sound loss的特征或现象
⑴Voiceless velar fricative/x/ which existed in Old english words such as’’nicht’’,pronounced as /nixt/,the sound absent in the present-day form of ‘night’.
⑵ Consonant loss involves the/kn/ clusters in the word-initial position.  如goose    
⑶Systematic sound losses such as plural pronunciation rule has disappeared.
⑷Deletion of Word-final vowel segment, 如name.love
17.判断题a change that involves the insertion of a consonant or vowel sound to the middle of a word is known as Epenthesis.  (此现象属于sound addition)
例子
Spinle→spindle    emty→empty    glimse→glimpse     timer→timber
18.语音的移位
Sound change as a result of sound movement,known as metathesis.it involvesa reversal in position of two adjoining sound segments.一般是r的移位 
 
例子:       bridd→bird               hros→horse  
19. Affix loss的特征或现象
 ⑴Morphemes wound change a word from one lexical category to another
⑵The drop of the causative verb formation rule.使意动词的丢失:
  如-yan加在adj word后可变成causative verb.