2002年北京试题解析——词汇和语法结构(4)
考研 Freekaoyan.com/2008-04-06
47. Something must have happened on their way here. Or they _________by now.
A. should have arrived
B. should arrive
C. would have arrived
D. would arrive
答案：C。第一句是must+have +过去分词的结构，表示对过去事实的推测。The road is wet. It must have rained last night.路是湿的，昨晚上肯定下雨了。因此我们可以推断：这是一个和过去的事实相反的虚拟语气。should +have +过去分词的结构，表示对过去动作的责备、批评。如：You should have gone over your lessons.你应当把功课复习好的。但是此句只是一个表示和过去的事实相反的虚拟句子，并没有责备的意思。本句的意思是：“路上肯定出事了。否则，他们现在已经到了。”因此正确答案应该是C.
48. The general's command was that the soldiers _________their fort and carry out more important tasks.
A. would leave
B. leave
C. left
D. have left
答案：B。本句测试虚拟语气在表语从句的用法。在suggestion, proposal, request，order 等名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中，用“(should )+动词原形，表示虚拟，should常常省略。又如：My suggestion is that we (should) send a few people to help the other groups.我的建议是我们派几个人去帮助其他小组。
49. How the fire in the dancing hall started _________ a mystery.
A. to remain
B. remains
C. remain
D. is remaining
答案：B。本句测试的是主谓一致。当主语是主语从句的时候，谓语动词要用单数。又如：“Who is her father is not known.谁是她的父亲尚不得知。”
50. We are going to have our office _________ to make room for a new engineer.
A. to rearrange
B. rearrange
C. rearranged
D. rearranging
答案：C。过去分词在动词have后面作宾补时， 常常表示这个动作不是由主语完成的， 而是由别人完成的。如：You’d better have the dangerous building pulled down.你最好叫别人把这座危楼推倒了。He had some pictures taken in the park. 他在公园里照了几张像。因此C 是正确答案。
51. The boy has performed excellently _________ he was bit nervous.
A. in that
B. except that
C. for that
D. except for
答案：B。except that ：后面接宾语从句。that 在从句中只起连接作用。如：She knew nothing about his journey except that he was likely to be away for three months. 关于他的旅行她不清楚，只知道他大概要离开三个月。(that 在宾语从句中只起连接作用) 因此B为正确答案。except for : （介词短语）除了…，We had a very pleasant time, except for the weather.除了天公不作美，我们过的很愉快。in that:（书）既然，因为。Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes. 批评与自我批评是必要的，因为能帮助我们改正错误。for that ：相当于for,并列连词，表示理由，很少用。
52. All my neighbors tried to help in some way. But they turned out to be actually _________ the way.
A. in
B. on
C. with
D. beyond
答案：A。in the way : 挡路，妨碍。If you are not going to help, at least don’t get in the way.如果你不愿帮忙，至少不要妨碍人家。A是正确答案。on the way : 在去…的路上。on the way to the station :在去车站的路上。on the way to school:在上学的路上。C 和D都不和way搭配。
53. You never told me you have seen the film,_________?
A. had you
B. didn't you
C. did you
D. weren't you
答案：C。本句测试反意疑问句的用法。如果陈述部分含有表示否定意思的词，如：never, seldom, hardly, little , 疑问部分须用肯定式。故选择C。He never watches TV, does he ?他从不看电视，是吗？
54, No one can possibly recall any detail about the meeting. It is at least five years since it_________.
A. had taken place
B. was taken place
C. took place
D. was taking place
答案：C。It is …time since +从句（谓语动词用过去时），故选C。It is many years since World War Two was over.自从二次大战结束以来已经很多年了。
55. Not until most of the people had left the airport _________his sister was there.
A. that he saw
B. had he seen
C. did he see
D. that he had seen
答案：C。not until 放在句首，句子倒装。Not until he finished his homework did Li Ming watch TV.李明做完作业后才看电视。
56. We all feel sorry for __________for so long after your arrival.
A. keep you waiting
B. having kept you waiting
C. waiting for you
D. keep you wait
答案：B。介词后面要跟动名词做宾语，当动名词的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生时，要用动名词的完成式。Thank you for having helped me so much.感谢你给了我这么多的帮助。
57. No sooner had they got the goods covered up __________it started raining hard.
A. when
B. than
C. then
D. after
答案：B。no sooner…..than…一…就…；hardly…when…一…;就…；scarcely…when…一…就…。No sooner had I lain down than the telephone rang.我刚躺下，电话铃就响了。Scarcely had the baby cried when the nurse rushed to carry him. 婴儿一哭保姆就赶快去抱他。本句的意思是：“他们刚把货物盖好，就开始下雨了。”
58. The manager has his employees __________a business report every week.
A. to write
B. written
C. writing
D. write
答案：D。have sb do sth, 让某人做某事。故选D。又如：The teacher has his students write a composition every other week.老师让同学们每隔一周写一篇作文。
59. Written applications should be sent to us in case __________ some problems with the electric version.
A. there will be
B. there is
C. there be
D. there was
答案：C。in case 引导的从句要用虚拟语气，should +原形动词，should 可以省略。
60. At that time, the poor girl can't but ______all her belongings at a low price.
A. to sell
B. sell
C. selling
D. sold
答案：B。cannot but 后接原形动词。思是：不得不，不能不。He cannot but agree.他不得不同意。When your country calls you for help, you cannot but go.当祖国要求你出力的时候，你必然会去的。
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