英语三级复习指导:高分语法(5)
考研 Freekaoyan.com/2008-04-06
加利福尼亚过多的依赖于来自农作物的收入,佛罗里达也是这样
同理,体会一下neither, nor的倒装
He can’t dance, neither/nor can I.= I can’t, either.
他不会跳舞,我也不会。
3. in, out, down, up, away, off, here, there, over等副词提前,全部倒装
如:Off got the staggering gentlemen.
Here are the photos I took at the seaside.
第四节 疑问倒装
疑问句需部分倒装语序,由于经常用到不会成为考试的难点。
如:What part did he play in Hamlet?
Do you prefer tea or coffee?
by可视为被动语态的标志词,by之后的名词短语是句中动作的施动者;在题干中若
见到
by+名词的结构要优先考虑用被动式
如: The wall is painted by Tom.
The book was written by Mark Twain.
注意1:by之后如果接的是动名词,则表示方式、手段,不能视为被动式的标志,
且此时
谓语应用主动式,
如:He passed the exam by cheating.
注意2:对于know来讲,一般用be known to 而不用be know by
强调句中it作形式主语可以替代任何被强调的部分
基本模式:It + be + 强调对象 + who/ whom/that + 句子其余部分
如:It was only you who cared for me. (强调主语)
It is his sister whom /that I have fallen in love with. (强调宾语)
It was under the tree that she found her missing purse. (强调地点状语)
It was last week that I attended an art exhibit for the first time. (强
调时间
状语)
It was not until he broke my favorite vase that I flew into rages. (强调
状语
从句)
注意:强调的对象是人时,可用who, whom或that, 其余情况一律用that; 当强调
对象在
从句中做主语时用who/that, 当强调对象在从句中做宾语时用whom/that.
虚拟语气
此章内容在TOEFL考点中处于相对次要地位,但在英文中是比较活跃的用法,必须
对其有
所了解, 这样对读题非常有帮助
虚拟语气是英文中一特殊的语言现象,主要用于表达与事实相反的陈述,常表达强
烈愿
望、遗憾、感慨、后悔、责备、规劝等语义,可大致分为三类
一、对现在事实的虚拟
基本形式:If + were /did等过去式…, …would /could /should /might + do
例如:If I were a bird, I would fly to the moon.
(事实上,I’m not a bird, so I will not fly to the moon.)
If she knew who you are, she would go out of joy.
(事实上,She doesn’t know, so she still feels joyous.)
二、对过去事实的虚拟
基本形式:If + had done…, …would /could / should /might + have done
例如:If she had been warned earlier, she wouldn’t have broken the
rules.
(事实上:She was not warned earlier and she broke the rules.)
If it hadn’t rained, the match would have seemed more fascinating.
(事实上:It rained and the match was less fascinating.)
此种虚拟可进行倒装,如:
Had the letter been sent out, it would have ruined our friendship.
