(1)Who is the poet? The name? (2)Explain the sentence. (3)What was the theme of the poem?
Answer:
(1)This is the "ode on a Grecian Um", which was written by the poet---John Keats. (P219) (2)The sentence means: though time has passed, the urn , the works of the art still remains, and it tells a pastoral/lyrical tale to us, and the description of the urn is much more beautiful than the words of any human. (P218)(3)The theme is: Human life is transient, but the art is immortal. (P218)

5. "Place me on Sunium’s marbles steep,
Where nothing, save the waves and I,
May her our mutual murmurs sweep;
There, swan like, let me sing and die:
A land of slaves shall ne’er be mine---
Dash down you cup of Samian wine!"
(1)Identify the poem and its author. (P203)
(2)Explain "swan like, let me sing and die" (P199) Interpret the passage and spot its implication.
Answer:
(1)The poet is Byron. The poem is taken from "The Isles of Greece (from Don Juan)" (P203)
(2)Swan is famous for its faith to its lover, one of them die, the other will refuse to eat and drink, it will cry till death.
Here the author used a simile to show his strong desire to fight with the invaders till death, and appeal to the suppressed Greek people to struggle for their freedom and liberation.

6. "For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dance with the daffodils."

(1) What is the "bliss of the solitude"?(2) Interpret the passage.(3) Why did the poet write the poem, what did he want to express?
Answer:
(1)The Daffodils the poem saw. (P180) (2)It is a bliss/happiness to recollect the beauty of nature in his mind when he is solitude/lonely.
(3)The poem depicts/deals with the flowers that he came across along waterside, by which he expresses the quiet, sympathy, loving feeling to nature just like his words "poetry is from "emotion recollected in tranquility".

7. "Then naked & white, all their bags left behind,
They rise upon clouds, and sport in the wind,
And the angle told Tom, if he’d be a good bye,
He’d have God for his father, and never want joy."

(1)Identify the poem and its poet;(2)What does the poem implies?
Answer:
(1) The poem is take from "The Chimney Sweeper (from Songs of Innocence)", which was written by William Blake.(p171) (2) This is a lovely poem presenting a happy and innocent world, though the wretched child are exploited and orphaned,
they had nice dream for life and the world, which implies religion make people obedient to exploitation, and from religion, they can get consolation and an "illusory happiness".(p168)

8. "As thus with thee in prayer in my sore need.
Oh! Lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud!
I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!

A heavy weight of hours has chained and bowed
One too like thee: tameless, and swift and proud."

(1)Explain "I fall upon the thorns of life, I bleed" (P208)
(2)Can you comprehend the deep emotion contained in the poem? What’s that?
(3)The poet was called the "the heart of all hearts", he trumpeted the radical prophecy of hope and rebirth. Please write out his classic words.

Answer:(1)The sentence call Shelley’s desire that he couldn’t best being fettered to/limited by the humdrum/too ordinary reality of everyday! (P208)(2)In the poem, the west wind has become the poet himself, he wants to be free, proud and controllable like the wild west wind,to destruct and construct with the strong power like the west wind. (P207~208) (3)"If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?" (P208)

9. "O Attic shape! Fair attitude! With brede
…………
As doth eternity: cold pastoral!"

(1)How do you understand "cold pastoral" (2)What device is used in the poem?(3)Explain the implication of the poem.At the end of the poem, the poet gave a famous saying, and it is also the theme of the poem, what is that?

Answer:
(1)Cold pastoral means the lyrical scene on the Grecian urn lacks life and warmth. (P222) (2)Contrast. (P218) (3)The poet wanted to show the permanence of the art and the transience of human passion presenting his ambivalence/opposing feelings about time and nature of beauty.The saying is "Beauty is truth, truth beauty" (P218~219)

10. "Where fore feed and Clothe and save
From the cradle to the grave
Drain your sweat---nay, drink your blood?"

(1)Who wrote the poem? What’s its name?(2) Explain "drones",(3) Interpret the passage.
Answer:
(1)The poem is "A song: Men of England" by Shelley. (P209) (2)Drones the male of the honey-bees that don’t work ,
referring to the parasitic class in human society.(drones and bees are the devices of metaphor) (P210)(3)The poet called all working people to rise up against their political oppressors, but point out the intolerable injustice of economic exploitation. It expressed the love for freedom and the hatred to tyranny of the author. (P207)

11. "Wild spirit, which art moving everywhere;
Destroyer and Preserver; hear, O hear!"
(1)What does the "wild spirit "refer to?(2)Why called it "Destroyer and Preserver" at the same time?(3)Identify the poet and the poem.
nswer:
(1)"wild spirit" refers to west wind/autumn wind. (P212) (2)Because west wind buried the dead year and year and prepared for a new spring, the poet call it "Destroyer and preserver". (3)It is "Ode to the west wind" of Shelley. (terza rima)

III. Questions and answers:
1.Please list the subjects and the faculties of the Romanticism.
Answer:
(1) The subjects are: love, nature, nationalism, individualism, (2) The faculties they cherished are: imagination, spontaneity, inspiration. (P162)
2.William Wordsworth was the first representative author of Rom,How do you know his idea and style?
Answer:
(1)His poems are most about Nature and Human Life; (2)Beyond the pleasure of the picturesque with the eye and the external aspects of nature, however, lies in deeper moral awareness, a sense of completeness in multiplicity. (it means poem not only deals with the beautiful world, but express moral)(3)Common life and the joy and sorrow of the common people and inner self are his subjects; (4)He is a poet in memory of the past and was called "prophets of nature";(5)He deliberately writes in simple and ordinary speech ,
refuses to decorate the truth of experience of pure and profound feeling; (6)He thought poet is "a man speaking to men," poetry is "the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings, which originates in emotion recollected in tranquility."(7)He always writes an elusive beauty of simplicity or a rural figure. (P176-179)

3.What thoughts and event influenced the period of Romanticism?
Answer:(1) Rousseau (a French philosopher) explored new ideas about nature, society and education, which provided guiding priding principles for the French Revolution and Romanticism; (2) The French Revolution and "the Declaration of Rights of Man"(written by Thomas Paine)aroused the great sympathy and enthusiasm in the English liberals and radicals,which became a great source for Romanticism. (3) England itself had experienced profound economic and social changes as industrialism,which were reflected in the works of literature. (P157-159)

4.Byron’s greatest contribution is his creation of the "Byronic hero" What kind of the hero he is? Give comment on him.
Answer:
(1) "Don Juan" is Byron’s masterpiece, a great comic epic, in which Byron described a hero named Don Juan. He was a great lover and seducer of women. In the conventional sense,al positives like courage, generosity, and frankness… In a word, Don was proud Juan was immoral, but Juan had his own mor, mysterious, and a noble rebel figure. He was a young man with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies, one of rebellious individuals against outworn/outdated social systems and conventions. (2) Comment: The poet’s true intention is to present a panoramic view of different types of society,the main theme of the works the basic ironic theme of appearance and reality,during which the poet also presented various materials and the clash of emotions. (P194-196)

5. What is the difference between Romanticism and Neoclassicism?(Neoclassicism=Augustans=enlightener)
Answer:(1)The Romantic Movement expressed negative attitude toward the existing social and political condition, the Romantics saw the corruption and injustice of the inhumanity of capitalism; (2)The Neo saw man as a social; while Rom saw him as an individual in the solitary state; (3)Neo stressed the common features of men; but the Rom stressed the special qualities of each individual’s mind; (4)Neo celebrated rationality, equality and science of the outside world; while Rom changed to the inner world of the human spirit, whose theory saw the individual as the center of all experience; (5)Literature was heavily didactic and moralizing. There were fixed laws for each type of literature; Rom expressed his feeling, valued accuracy in portraying, they thought literature should be free from all rules.(6)The most important form in Neo was prose; while Rom was an age of poetry. (P160-161)