III. Writing

Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.

    You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

“考试恐惧症”

    通过考试来测试学生长期以来被认为是评估学生能力的可靠方法。可是不恰当的强调考试已经产生了可怕的后果。正如这幅画所描绘的，一个学童由于极度害怕考试躲在书桌底下缩成一团，不肯去上学。他的父母亲正在努力安慰他，告诉他说，“孩子，出来吧，今天没有考试。”

    这幅画暗示了考试对儿童心灵的有害影响。一方面，老师们往往利用各种测试来迫使学在校努力学习。另一方面，许多家长认为学习成绩是评判孩子学习质量的惟一标准。常常发生这样的事：儿童由于在某次考试中没考好而受到家长的严厉惩罚。因此，学生十分害怕考试。

    至于我，我认为，考试如果使用得当，是一种有效的评估形式。可是教师和家长有义务鼓励学生把精力集中在学校里学习得好的功课上。学校的一项重要职责是力图使学生的兴趣适合于他将来可能的工作。他们无论如何也不能把考试认为是激励学生学习知识的惟一手段。

    Testing students by examinations has long been regarded as a reliable way to assess students’ competence. But disproportionate emphasis on examinations has brought about terrible results. As is depicted in the picture, a schoolboy, frightened to death by examinations, huddles himself up under a desk, refusing to go to school. His parents are trying to comfort him, saying “Come out, there are no examinations today.”

    This drawing implies the harmful effect of examinations on children’s psyche. On the one hand, teachers tend to make use of different kinds of testing to force students to work hard at school. On the other hand, most parents think that school records are the sole criterion for judging the quality of a child’s work. It often happens that a child is punished heavily by his parents just because he does not do well in one examination or another. Therefore, pupils are extremely afraid of taking examinations.

    As far as I’m concerned, examinations are an effective form of assessment if properly used. But teachers and parents should encourage pupils to concentrate on what they do well at school. And schools have an important duty to try to fit a child’s interest to his possible future career. On no account should they reckon examination as the only means of stimulating pupils to pursue knowledge.  (218 words)

Notes:：disproportionate 过分的，不成比例的。be frightened to death 吓（怕）得要死。huddle (oneself) up 蜷缩；缩成一团。comfort vt. 安慰。psyche 心灵。one … or another 这样或那样的…。school records 学习成绩。do well 考得好；学得好。pursue knowledge追求（学习）知识。

背记重点词语汉英对照：1. 被认为：be regarded as (=be thought of as, be referred to as)。 2. 不恰当的强调…：disproportionate emphasis on…。 3. 引成，造成：bring about (=give rise to, cause)。 4. 被…吓死：be frightened to death by …。 5. 缩成一团：huddles oneself up。 6. 不肯，拒绝做某事：refuse to do sth. (=be reluctant to do sth.; be unwilling to do sth.)。 7. 迫使某人做某事：force sb. to do sth. (=compel sb. to do sth.; make sb. do sth.)。 8. 常常发生这样的事：It often happens that…。 9. 考得好：do well in an examination。了学校学得好：do well in school。 10. 学习知识：pursue knowledge; 学到知识：acquire knowledge; 积累知识：accumulate knowledge。

Put the following sentences from Chinese into English：

1. 长期以来考试被认为是一种有效的评估形式。
2. 孩子们不肯参加考试，因为如果考得不好，他们将被家长严惩。
3. 这张照片暗示了超级明星们对年轻人心灵的巨大影响。
4. 至于我，我认为，我们应该注意公共规章，并且提高我们的社会公德意识。
5. 我们无论如何也不能把考试认为是激励学生学习知识的惟一手段。.

作业：1. 复习本单元内容，总结各测试项目的解题方法。
      2. 辅导班结束后应把讲义与“复习指导”一书结合起来复习，互为补充，以便取得良好的效果。

赠言：道路是曲折的，前途是光明的，胜利就在你的脚下。