Word  Study

1. allow 允许；允许进入；给予，让有：1) They don’t allow smoking.  2) They didn’t allow their workers to organize. 3) He didn’t allow her into the house.   4) Allow me one minute in which to change my costume.
allow for 把…考虑进去：In working with this cloth, be sure to allow for shrinkage. (用这种布做衣服时，一定要考虑到缩水。)
allow of 容许（有）：The problem allows of only one solution. (这个问题只容许有一种解决办法。)
同根词： allowable 允许的：In some parks it is allowable to walk on the grass. (有的公园容许在草地上走。)
allowance n. 1)补贴，津贴：He has an allowance from the government for traveling expense.2) 折扣：That store makes an allowance of 10% for cash payment. (那家商店现金支付打九折。)
make allowance for 原谅，不计较：We make allowances for her rudeness because she has never been taught good manners.

2. appeal vi. 1) 呼吁，请求：He appealed to his friends for support. (他向他的朋友们请求支持。)  2) 投合（兴趣或心意），对…有吸引力: These pictures don’t appeal to me. （这些画对我没有吸引力。）  3) 上诉，申诉：He appealed against the judge’s decision.    4) 诉诸于：If you don’t obey me, I shall appeal to force. (如果你不服从我，我将诉诸于武力。)
appeal n. 1) .呼吁，请求：His appeal was broadcast yesterday.  2) 吸引力：Films of that sort have lost their appeal for me.    3) 上诉： Not satisfied with the verdict, they decided to make an appeal. (他们不满意这个裁决，决定上诉。)
同根词：appealing 吸引人的：His appealing eyes impressed me very much.

3. on the ground(s) that (复合连词) 因为，原因是：Her claim was disallowed on the grounds that she had not paid her premium. (她要求赔款遭到拒绝，原因是她事先没有交纳保险费。)
类似的复合连词有： with the result that 因此；as long as 只要；now that 既然；for fear 唯恐，以防；in that 因为；in case 以防，万一；seeing that 既然，因为；so that 因此，以便；in so far as 由于；on condition that 只要；for all that 尽管；admitting that 即使；even if 即使；as though 好像。

4. acquire vt. (经过一个过程或通过自己的努力等)培养出，获得（接抽象名词）： 1) He has acquired a set of interests.  2) She has acquired confidence.  3) She did not acquire her knowledge of English from reading alone.   4) an acquired taste 逐渐培养的爱好。 5) AIDS (acquired immunity deficiency syndrome) 爱滋病（获得性免疫力缺乏综合症）。  acquire vt. （经过努力）得到（接具体名词）：By the time he was twenty he had acquired a store of his own.
acquire vt. (经济学用语) 收购: Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on.  同根词：acquisition n. 取得，获得；收购；采编（书等）。  acquisitive a. 贪得无厌的。

III. Writing

Directions: In this section, you are to write an essay of 160-- 200 words within 30--35 minutes. Your essay should be based on the information given below:

    现在许多人愿意乘飞机旅行。随着我国民航事业的迅速发展，全国各大城市兴建了许多现代化的机场。乘飞机旅行有许多长处（方便、快捷、省时、舒适等); 但是，空中旅行也有许多不足之处(机票价格贵，有的旅客不适应空中旅行，常常感到身体不适，甚至有人还担心发生空难)。请你简单阐述上述两个方面。最后请你说明你的看法。

    许多人愿意乘飞机旅行。这是因为空中旅行有某些长处。首先，人类创造的奇迹 – 飞机 – 是最快捷的运输工具。人们从一地到另一地乘飞机旅行花时间最少。其次，空中旅行方便舒适。友好的空中小姐既热心又体贴。她们照料旅客一直到目的地。最后，在长途航班上有电影和音乐供旅客娱乐。

    常言道，“事物总是一分为二的。”空中旅行也一样。它也有某些短处。一方面，空中旅行费用高。普通中国人还没有富到足以支付价格昂贵的机票钱。因此，他们宁愿乘火车，这样能省下许多钱。另一方面，虽然向旅客保证安全，但是在旅途中旅客仍然担心安全，因为飞行或多或少冒点风险。

    至于我的看法是，上面提到的长处超过短处。如果给我挑选乘飞机还是乘火车，我肯定愿意乘飞机。对于我来说，时间就是金钱，无论做什么事，时间是我必须考虑的最重要因素。

    Many people prefer to travel by air. The reason is that air travel has some advantages. In the first place, airplane, the miracle created by man, is the fastest means of transport. It takes the least time for one to travel by air from one place to another. Secondly, traveling by air is convenient and comfortable. Friendly air hostesses are affectionate and considerate. They look after passengers all the way to their destinations. Finally, on long distance flights there are films and music for people to entertain themselves.

    As a popular saying goes, “Everything has two sides.” The same is true of air travel. It has some disadvantages, too. For one thing, air travel costs a great deal. The average Chinese are not rich enough to afford expensive air-fares. So they prefer to take trains, which save a lot of money. For another, although passengers are assured of their safety, they are still worried about it during the journey because flying always involves more or less risk.

    As far as I am concerned, the advantages mentioned above exceed the disadvantages. If I were given choice between traveling by air and by train, I would certainly prefer the former. For me, time is money and it is the most important thing I have to take into consideration whatever I do. (219 words)   
   
背记重点词语汉英对照：1. 人类创造的奇迹：the miracle created by man。 2. 需要某人多少时间做某事： It takes + 多少时间 + for sb. to do sth.  3. 热情体贴的：affectionate and considerate。 4. 一路照料乘客：look after passengers all the way。 5. 娱乐：entertain themselves。 6. 事物总是一分为二的。Everything has two sides.  7. …也一样：The same is true of/with …。 8. 空中旅行费用高。Air travel costs a great deal.  9. 涉及到或多或少的冒险性：involve more or less risk。10. 向他们保证他们的安全：assure them of their safety。  11. 考虑：take sth. into consideration。

Put the following sentences From Chinese into English:
1. 电视、计算机和飞机都是人类创造的奇迹。
2. 完成这项计划需要我们花两年左右。
3. 医生和护士们既热情又体贴。他们全心全意照料病人。
4. 我能向你保证我全力支持你的计划。
5. 我们必须考虑到我们前进道路上的各种艰难险阻。.

家庭作业：1. 认真复习阅读材料，注意试题命题思路与解题对策。
          2. 总结考研图画短文写作的基本模式：描述、分析内含和举例阐述。

赠言：成功就在于不断地剖析自己、不断地反省自己、不断地否定自己、不断地更新自己、不断地战胜自己、不断地超越自己。这是我事业与人生的座右铭。