物流考试英语辅导:物流商贸、国际运输相关名词解释(4)
网络资源 Freekaoyan.com/2008-05-12
POD – Port of Discharge. Also an acronym for Proof of Delivery.
POR – Port of Origin
POL – Port of Loading
Port of Arrival – Location where imported merchandise is off-loaded from the importing aircraft or vessel.
Port of Departure – In export, the final ocean port of aircraft where the shipment in the
vessel or aircraft departs from the United States.
Port of Discharge - Port where goods are unloaded from vessel
Prepaid B/L – Freight paid prior to movement; money to be paid prior to issuance of
bill of lading.
P/H – Pier to House (same as CFS/CY)
P/P – Pier to Pier (same as CFS/CFS)
R/T – Revenue Ton
Rates – Ocean rates are classified in many ways, here is just a sampling:
Class – Grouping of articles
Commodity – Specific articles
Arbitrary – Fixed rate according to port to port
Minimum – Lowest charge
Heavy Lift Charge – Extra Charge for cargo which needs extra or heavy equipment to load or
unload, charge assessed for cargo over a certain length.
Charter – use of an entire vessel
Ad Valorem – based on value of cargo
Refrigerated – cargo which requires refrigeration equipment
Dangerous Cargo – needs special handling or stowage
On Deck Cargo – Cargo which must be shipped on the deck of the vessel
Refrigerated Container (Reefer) – A specialized type of container with built-in diesel power generator, engineered for the transportation of refrigerated
and perishable commodities.
Revenue Ton – Tonnage used to calculate freight rates as in ocean cargo
Seals on Containers – Attached to locking device on container to prevent pilferage and to certify
no tampering; made of steel by customs or carrier.
Service Contract – As provided in the Shipping Act of 1984, a contract between a shipper (
or a shipper’s association) and an ocean carrier (or conference) in which
the shipper makes a commitment to provide a certain minimum quantity of cargo or
freight revenue over a fixed time period, and the ocean common carrier
or conference commits to a certain rate or rate schedule as well as a
defined service level (such as assured space, transit time, port rotation,
or similar service failures). The contract may also specify provisions in
the event of nonperformance on the part of either party.
SL&C (Shippers Load and Count) – Shipments loaded and sealed by shippers and not checked or verified by the carriers.
Special Customs Invoice – An official form usually required by U.S. Customs if the rate of duty
is based upon the value and the value of the shipment exceeds $500.
This document is usually prepared by the foreign exporter or his
forwarder and is used by Customs in determining the value of the
shipment. The exporter or his agent must attest to the authenticity
of the data furnished.
Stevedore - Terminal operator who facilitates the operation of loading
and discharging
vessels and other terminal activities.
Stowage - To place cargo aboard a carrier in a preplanned and organized manner.
Tare Weight - The weight of a container and the material used for packing exclusive of cargo.
When applied to a loaded truck, the weight of the truck exclusive of its contents.
Tariff - A schedule of charges, rules and regulations, which must be followed.
This can be for transportation charges, loading and unloading charges,
and import duties, etc.
TEU – Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit. A 20’ container is a TEU. Term used to express the
carrying capacity of vessels.
THC – Terminal Handling Charge. Charge assessed by terminal for loading,
unloading, fork lifts, document fees, and other assessments for import and
export cargo.
TIR – Trailer Interchange Receipt. Interchange receipt between trucker and
carrier; document showing condition of container/equipment at the time of
interchange.
TOFC – Trailer on Flat Car. Containers with chassis loaded onto rail cars.
Transmittal Letter – Contains a list of the particulars of the shipment, a record of the documents
being transmitted, and instructions for disposition of these documents.
Any special instructions are also included.
Transportation and Exportation Entry – See Customs Entries.
Transshipment – The transfer of cargo from one carrier to another.
TRC – Terminal Receiving Charge. Charge assessed by the terminal for cargo being
delivered for export.
USDA (United States Department of Agriculture). A government agency which
regulates functions of specific imported merchandise, e.g., plants and
plant products, domestic animals, serums and by products, etc.
W/M – Weight or Measure.
War Risk – In Marine Insurance, is damage or loss sustained as the result
of acts of war. It is usually written in a separate policy against
current war like acts as well as former war leftovers, such as floating
mines not detected, etc. War Risk is not included in an All Risk policy,
but can be added by endorsement. A separate premium is usually paid.
Wharfage – Charge assessed by terminal or port authority for the handling of
incoming or outgoing cargo.
