物流考试英语辅导:物流商贸、国际运输相关名词解释(3)
网络资源 Freekaoyan.com/2008-05-12
Flat Car - Platform rail car on which trailers, containers, etc. , are loaded
FMC (Federal Maritime Commission) - U.S. Government Agency responsible for overseeing regulatory aspects of all
maritime activities.
Foreign Trade Zone (FTZ) - A facility which – under license issued by the Foreign Trade Zone (FTZ) board – has acquired extra-territorial status. Merchandise entered into a FTZ are considered as
having been “exported” and can be subjected to manipulation or
manufacturing processes without Customs supervision, but will be
subject to other applicable federal or state laws and terms of
the storage contract.
Free Time - Storage time allowed at carriers’ facility without penalties being assessed.
Free On Board (FOB) – An international term of sale. The goods are placed on board a ship by the
seller at a port of shipment named in the sales contract. The risk of loss
or damage to the goods is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the
goods pass the ship’s rail.
Freight Brokerage - A commission paid to a licensed Freight Forwarder or Custom House Broker by
the steamship line concerning export transactions. Commission is paid either
as a percentage or the freight charges or as a lump sum amount per container,
depending on the carrier and/or trade lane.
Freight Release (Freight Bill Receipt) - Evidence that the freight charges for the cargo have been paid. If in writing,
it may be presented at the pier to obtain release of the cargo. (Normally, once
the freight is paid, releases are usually arranged without additional documentation).
General Average (GA) - Coverage for loss resulting from voluntary sacrifice, e.g., jettison, or the act
of expending cargo to prevent loss of vessel, crew, passengers, or total cargo.
The value of such a loss is averaged among all interested parties.
GO – General Order - Cargo seized by customs due to failure on part of consignee to make customs
entry within allotted free time.
GRI - General Rate Increase.
Gross Weight - The weight of the goods including packaging, wrapping, and
internal and
external containers.
Heavy Lift - Single commodities too heavy to be lifted by the ship’s regular equipment
H/H - House to House (same as CY/CY)
H/P - House to Pier (same as CY/CFS)
HH/Goods - Household goods
HM - Hazardous Materials
IA – Independent Action - A carrier can take an independent action within a conference resulting in
a unique rate for that carrier, ability to file a rate independently of
other carrier’s action.
ICTF - Immediate Container Transfer Facility
IFM – Inward Foreign Manifest
Immediate Delivery Entry – See Customs Entries
Immediate Transportation Entry (IT) – See Customs Entries
In Bond – The transportation of a shipment to an inland point for Customs clearance
rather than filing an entry to clear the goods at the port of arrival.
Inland B/L – See B/L
Insurance Certificate – Assures the consignee that insurance is provided to cover loss or damage
to the cargo while in transit.
Interchange – Transfer of a container from one party to another.
Interchange Agreement – Contract between carrier and trucker that legally permits interchange of equipment
Intermodal – The combining of two forms of transportation, usually refers to
ocean.rail, rail/truck/ocean, air/truck/rail/ocean movements,
Intermodal movements include mini-landbridge (MLB) and microbridge.
IPI – Inland Point Intermodal – Inland carriage by another mode of transportation after port discharge,
cargo moving to/from an inland point.
Issuing Bank – The bank that has issued or opened a letter of credit. Also called an Opening Bank.
JOC – Journal of Commerce. A trade publication. Trade Transportation Journal.
LCL (Less Than Container Load) – Cargo in any quantity (usually loose cargo) intended for carriage in containers,
the carrier is responsible for packing and unpacking the container at the carrier’s premises.
Letter of Credit (L/C) – Financial document issued by a bank at the request of the consignee
guaranteeing payment to the shipper for cargo if certain terms and conditions
are fulfilled. Normally it contains a brief description of the goods,
documents required, a shipping date, and an expiration date after which
payment will no longer be made.
LT – Long Ton (2,240 pounds)
M & R – Maintenance and Repair
M/T – Metric Ton
Manifest – A list of all cargo loaded on board a vessel. Entire listing of all
cargo on board a vessel required by the carrier, customs, and the coast guard.
Microbridge – Cargo moving port to port via land or rail; inland destination served
overland by rail.
Minimum B/L – The minimum amount one can charge per individual bill of lading
MLB – Minilandbridge – Cargo moving port to port via land or rail; port destination served overland by rail.
Negotiable B/L – Original Bill of Lading endorsed by shipper that is used for negotiating
documents with bank.
Net Weight – The weight of the commodity only.
Neutral Body – Neutral party used to police the practices of members of the conference.
Non Conference Carrier – An independent ocean carrier who does not belong to any group or conference
of ocean carriers and who establishes their own pricing and policies.
Non Negotiable B/L – Copy of original Bill of Lading which cannot be negotiated with bank
NVOCC – (Non Vessel Operating Common Carrier) – Company who charters space aboard vessels, then sells that space to
prospective shippers. Also known under deregulation as an Ocean
Transportation Intermediary (OTI)
OBL – Original Bill of Lading
Ocean B/L – See B/L
On Board B/L – See B/L
Overland Common Point (OCP) – A term stated on bill of lading offering lower shipping rates to importers
east of the Rockies provided merchandise from the Far East comes in through
the West Coast Ports.
Per Diem – Costs per day. Charge on containers held by customers for an extended time;
charges levied upon a trucker due to late return of equipment.
Pilferage – The act of stealing cargo
