五年来，我们树立和落实科学发展观，着力发展经济、深化改革开放、保障和改善民生，促进社会和谐，付出了巨大努力，做了大量工作。
During the past five years we established and put into practice the Scientific Outlook on Development, worked hard on economic development, deepened reform and opening up, ensured the wellbeing of the people, improved their lives, and promoted social harmony. We made great efforts and accomplished a great deal.
（一）加强和改善宏观调控，促进经济平稳快速发展
1. Improving macroeconomic regulation to promote steady and rapid economic development.
我们围绕解决经济运行中的突出矛盾，注重宏观调控的预见性、及时性和有效性。几年来，针对固定资产投资增长过快、货币信贷投放过多、外贸顺差过大，以及农业基础薄弱等经济发展中不稳定、不协调、不可持续的问题，严把土地、信贷两个闸门，提高市场准入门槛，适时调整财政政策、货币政策，完善产业政策和土地政策，调整经济结构，加强薄弱环节，搞好经济运行调节。根据经济形势的变化，多次及时调整金融机构存款准备金率、存贷款基准利率，取消或降低高耗能、高排放和资源性产品的出口退税。这些宏观调控措施取得明显成效，经济连续五年保持平稳快速发展，没有出现大的起落。
We endeavored to make macroeconomic regulation more proactive, responsive and effective, with the focus on resolving major problems affecting economic operation. Over the past few years, we tightened controls on the supplies of land and credit, raised market access requirements, adjusted financial and monetary policies as needed, improved industrial policies and the land policy, adjusted the economic structure, shored up weak links and effectively regulated economic operation to address problems such as overheated growth in fixed asset investment, excessive supplies of money and credit, excessively large trade surplus, and weakness in agriculture, the foundation of the economy, which could cause economic development to become unstable, unbalanced and unsustainable. In response to changes in the economy, we have repeatedly made timely adjustments in the required reserve ratio and the benchmark interest rates for savings and loans in financial institutions and rescinded or reduced export tax rebates for resource products and products whose production is energy intensive or highly polluting. These macroeconomic regulatory measures produced significant results, and China's economy maintained steady and rapid development throughout the five-year period, without experiencing major fluctuations.
我们从加强农业基础入手，把促进粮食增产和农民增收作为首要任务，在制度、政策和投入方面采取一系列重大举措。全部取消了农业税、牧业税和特产税，每年减轻农民负担1335亿元。同时，建立农业补贴制度，对农民实行粮食直补、良种补贴、农机具购置补贴和农业生产资料综合补贴，对产粮大县和财政困难县乡实行奖励补助。大幅度增加对农业农村投入，中央财政用于“三农”的支出五年累计1.6万亿元，其中用于农村基础设施建设近3000亿元，地方也较多增加了投入。五年新增节水灌溉面积666.7万公顷、新增沼气用户1650万户、新建改建农村公路130万公里，解决了9748万农村人口饮水困难和饮水安全问题，建立了重大动物疫病防控体系，防止了高致病性禽流感等疫情蔓延。这些措施，极大地调动了农民积极性，有力地推动了社会主义新农村建设，农村发生了历史性变化，亿万农民由衷地感到高兴。农业的发展，为整个经济社会的稳定和发展发挥了重要作用。
We adopted a series of major measures related to institutions, policies and investment to increase grain production and rural incomes as a matter of priority and strengthen agriculture as the foundation of the economy. We completely rescinded the agricultural tax, livestock tax and tax on special agricultural products throughout China, reducing the burden on farmers by an average of 133.5 billion yuan per year. In addition, we set up a subsidy scheme for agriculture, instituting direct subsidies for grain producers, subsidies for superior crop varieties, subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools, and general subsidies for agricultural production supplies and providing incentives to major grain-producing counties and subsidies to counties and townships with serious financial difficulties. Investment in agriculture and rural areas was greatly increased. Central government allocations for agriculture, rural areas and farmers reached 1.6 trillion yuan over the past five years, including nearly 300 billion yuan that was used for developing rural infrastructure. Local governments also substantially increased their input. During the five-year period, an additional 6.667 million hectares of farmland was equipped with water-saving irrigation facilities, methane gas was made available to 16.5 million more households, 1.3 million kilometers of rural roads were built or upgraded, and safe drinking water was provided to an additional 97.48 million rural residents. A system for the prevention and control of major animal diseases was set up, and the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza was prevented. These measures greatly encouraged farmers to grow more, gave a strong impetus to the development of a new socialist countryside and brought historic changes to rural China to the great satisfaction of hundreds of millions of rural people. Agricultural development played an important role in ensuring the overall stability and development of China's economy and society.
我们制定了国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要，对2006－2020年的科技发展作出全面部署，启动一批重大专项。这对增强自主创新能力，推进创新型国家建设，有着重要而深远的影响。基础科学和前沿技术研究得到加强，取得高性能计算机、第三代移动通信、超级杂交水稻等一批重大创新成果，形成了一批具有自主知识产权和市场竞争力的产品。五年中央财政用于科技的投入达到3406亿元。全社会研究与实验发展经费，从2002年1288亿元增加到2007年的3664亿元，占国内生产总值比重从1.07%提高到1.49%。以企业为主体的技术创新体系建设取得重要进展。科技创新支撑和引领经济社会发展的能力明显增强。
We formulated the Outline of the National Program for Long- and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development, which contains comprehensive plans for the development of science and technology in China from 2006 through 2020 and calls for the launching of a number of major projects. This will have an important and far-reaching impact on efforts to strengthen China's capacity for independent innovation and make it an innovative country. Work in basic research and research in leading-edge technologies was intensified; a number of major innovations such as high-performance computers, third generation mobile communications, and super-hybrid rice were achieved; and a number of products that are competitive and carry Chinese intellectual property rights were developed. The central government spent 340.6 billion yuan on science and technology over the past five years. China's total investment in research, experimentation and development rose from the 128.8 billion yuan of 2002 to 366.4 billion yuan in 2007, with its share in the GDP rising from 1.07% to 1.49%. Major progress was made in developing a system for technological innovation in which enterprises play a key role. The capacity of scientific and technological innovation to sustain and boost economic and social development was markedly increased.
