about rotating credit associations？
（A） They were developed exclusively by Chinese
immigrants.
（B） They accounted for a significant portion of the
investment capital used by Chinese immigrants in
New York in the early twentieth century.
（C） Third-generation members of an immigrant group
who started businesses in the 1920's would have
been unlikely to rely on them.
（D） They were frequently joint endeavors by members
of two or three different ethnic groups.
（E） Recent immigrants still frequently turn to rotating
credit associations instead of banks for investment
capital.
4. The passage best supports which of the following
statements？
（A） A minority entrepreneur who had no assistance
from family members would not be able to start a
business.
（B） Self-help networks have been effective in helping
entrepreneurs primarily in the last 50 years.
（C） Minority groups have developed a range of
alternatives to standard financing of business
ventures.
（D） The financial institutions founded by various ethnic
groups owe their success to their unique formal
organization.
（E） Successful minority-owned businesses succeed
primarily because of the personal strengths of their
founders.
5. Which of the following best describes the organization
of the second paragraph？
（A） An argument is delineated， followed by a
counterargument.
（B） An assertion is made and several examples are
provided to illustrate it.
（C） A situation is described and its historical
background is then outlined.
（D） An example of a phenomenon is given and is then
used as a basis for general conclusions.
（E） A group of parallel incidents is described and the
distinctions among the incidents are then clarified.
6. According to the passage， once a minority-owned
business is established， self-help networks contribute
which of the following to that business？
（A） Information regarding possible expansion of the
business into nearby communities
（B） Encouragement of a business climate that is nearly
free of direct competition
（C） Opportunities for the business owner to reinvest
profits in other minority-owned businesses
（D） Contact with people who are likely to be customers
of the new business
（E） Contact with minority entrepreneurs who are
members of other ethnic groups
7. It can be inferred from the passage that traditional
analyses of minority business would be LEAST likely
to do which of the following？
（A） Examine businesses primarily in their social
contexts
（B） Focus on current， rather than historical， examples
of business enterprises
（C） Stress common experiences of individual
entrepreneurs in starting businesses
（D） Focus on the maintenance of businesses， rather
than means of starting them
（E） Focus on the role of individual entrepreneurs in
starting a business
8. Which of the following can be inferred from the
passage about the Irish building and loan
associations mentioned in the last paragraph？
（A） They were started by third-or fourth-generation
immigrants.
（B） They originated as offshoots of church-related
groups.
（C） They frequently helped Irish entrepreneurs to
finance business not connected with construction.
（D） They contributed to the employment of many Irish
construction workers.
（E） They provided assistance for construction
businesses owned by members of other ethnic
groups.
KEYS：
Passage 1： BECDE ADE
Passage 2： DCAEC BCA
Passage 3： EDBCB DAD
