北京航空航天大学
2013年全日制翻译硕士学位（MTI）研究生入学考试试题 招生专业：翻译硕士 科目名称：英语翻译基础 科目代码：357 满分：150分 第一部分：将下列术语翻译成中文（本题共15分,每一题1分）.
1. Abusive translation
2. Adjustment
3. Analysis
4. Autotranslation
5. Blank verse translation
6. Class shift
7. Coherence
8. Contextual consistency
9. Translation as decision-making
10. Descriptive Translation Studies
11. Disambiguation
12. Subtitling
13. Exoticism
14. Skopos theory
15. Rewriting
第二部分：将下列术语翻译成英文（本题共15分,每小题1分）.
1. 忠信
2. 口译
3. 假朋友
4. 常规
5. 自然性
6. 音译
7. 配音
8. 翻译理论
9. 平行语料库
10. 直译
11. 不可译性
12. 充分性
13. 异化翻译
14. 语内翻译
15. 译后编辑
第三部分：英译汉（本题有3段，每段20分，共60分）.
1
A fully-automatic factory, as we are able to envisage it today, takes the form of a complete factory with only a few skilled engineers to keep it in running order and a control committee to decide on the broad outline of the production plan. The details of the production plan will be decided by a computer which receives all the information necessary for the efficient running of a business. This machine will process the information fed to it and pass on the results both to the control committee and to a second large special-purpose computer acting as the central production controller.
2
The sciences are differentiated precisely on the basis of the particular contradictions inherent in their respective objects of study. Thus the contradiction peculiar to a certain field of phenomena constitutes the object of study for a specific branch of science. For example, positive and negative numbers in mathematics; action and reaction in mechanics; positive and negative electricity in physics; dissociation and combination in chemistry; forces of production and relations of production, classes and class struggle, in social science; offence and defense in military science; idealism and materialism, the metaphysical outlook and the dialectical outlook, in philosophy; and so on––all these are the objects of study of different branches of science precisely because each branch has it's own particular contradiction and particular essence.
3
Almost 40 years ago, when Lyndon Johnson declared war on poverty, a family with a car and a Dutch Colonial in the suburbs felt prosperous and, in the face of the president's call to action, magnanimous. Poverty seemed far away, in the shanties of the south or the worst pockets of urban blight. Today that same family may well feel impoverished, overwhelmed by credit-card debt, a second mortgage and the cost of the stuff that has become the backbone of American life. When the middle class feels poor, the poor have little chance for change, or even recognition. Does anyone think twice about the woman who turns down the spread on the hotel bed?
第四部分：汉译英（本题共60分，每段20分）。
1
中国的载人航天工程项目按照“三步走”战略计划进行。第一步将中国宇航员送到太空，进行数天和数天太空飞行并安全返回预定位置。第二步将在进行太空舱外活动等关键技术上的突破，将太空站送进太空，并进行短期载人空间应用试验。第三步将建立一个太空实验室，用于宇航员进行长期载人空间试验。
2
随着印度规模庞大的人口中有更多的人开始使用手机，用户和服务提供商都面临的挑战之一是印度语言的多样性。印度有22个主要语种，有九种不同的文字系统。没种文字系统有数十个字符，输入起来往往很麻烦。
3
在求职面试中，应聘者在握手时的表现或许至关重要。不过，能让企业了解到握手背后的真实情况则是性格测试。很多各类企业都在采用性格测试来考察求职者的责任心、外向性格以及其他可能有助于造就成功职业生涯的性格特征。