[题目译文]

　　根据文章第一段，在过去，作为男人的一个危险是什么？

　　[A] 缺乏配偶

　　[B] 激烈的竞争

　　[C] 存活率较低

　　[D] 缺损的基因

　　56. What does the example of India illustrate?

　　[A] Wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people.

　　[B] Natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor.

　　[C] The middle class population is 80% smaller than that of the tribes.

　　[D] India is one of the countries with a very high birth rate.

　　[答案] B

　　[解题思路]

　　关于印度的例子出现在文章第二段的最后三句话“India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the great cities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity of today everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribes”(印度的现状可以说明正在发生的一切。这个国家给大城市里的少数人提供财富，而留给其余的各部落民族都是贫困。今天这种极其显著的平均化——每个人的生存机会和子女数量都相同——意味着与部落相比较，自然选择在印度中上层已经失去了80%的作用)。浏览几个选项就可以发现B选项对引文最后半句“natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribes”的同义说明，因而是正确选项。A选项的表述在原文中没有对应信息，因而可以排除。C选项对80%这个数据的使用与原文意思相反，且选项中的middle class population与原文中的upper-middle-class India意思也有出入。D选项没有在原文中出现，可以排除。