★ false

　　a.谬误的，虚伪的，伪造的，假的

　　【例1】This country is false to the past, false to the present, and solemnly binds herself to be false to the future.该国失信于过去，失信于现在，也就必然失信于将来。

　　【例2】The exclusively comparative method brought in a set of false notions.这种单纯的比较方法导致了一系列错误的观念。

　　【派生】falsely ad.错误地  falseness n.错误

　　【真题】Others say that the opposite is true: those international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred.其他人说它的反面是正确的：那些国际竞争鼓励了错误的国际优越感，引起了误解和仇恨。

　　★ peaceful

　　a.和平的，平静的，安宁的，爱好和平的

　　【例】Bavaria, Austria, and Hungary might form a broad, peaceful unaggressive confederation.巴伐利亚、奥地利和匈牙利可以组成一个广泛的、和平的而非侵略性的联邦。

　　【构词】peace(和平，平静)+-ful(形容词后缀)

　　【同义替换】tranquil, quiet, serene

　　【派生】peacefully ad.平静地  peacefulness n.平静

　　【真题】For example, the child likes glittering disco, rock-and-roll music or loves movies for his entertainment at night while the parents like peaceful environment and physical exercises.比如，孩子喜欢吵闹的迪斯科、摇滚乐或者爱情电影作为夜间的消遣，而父母却喜欢安静的环境和体育锻炼。

　　★ respective

　　a.各自的，各个的

　　【例】They were all men of considerable culture and had their respective aesthetic pursuits.他们具有深厚的文化修养，有各自的美学追求。

　　【同义替换】each, individual

　　【派生】respectively ad.分别地，各自地  irrespective a.不顾的，无关的

　　【真题】Thus the American president and vice president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half.美国总统和副总统的姓氏分别是以B和C开头的。乔治·布什的26位前任(包括他的父亲)的姓氏的第一个字母都在字母表的前一半，而只有16位总 统姓氏首字母在字母表的后一半。