Writings to be simulated and memorized
1. Career or Family: which is more important?
When asked about their opinion of career and family, people always respond differently. Some people deem it more important to pursue their career, while there are always other people who argue that family should be the number one in one’s life.
It goes without any question that career plays a key role in our life. In the very first place, career can give us an aim to live on. Without career, much of our living time will be certainly wasted. What’s more, career can provide us with a means to live on. Most of the people earn their income from a job. On the other hand, family is also an indispensable part of life, as many people will admit. Family is always regarded as a place where we can escape from troubles in life. In addition, we can obtain a sense of belonging to from family. Without it, anyone will feel lonely and desperate.
In my opinion, career and family are not in opposition to each other. Rather, they can enhance each other so that one’s life can become better and better. Therefore, it’s not a choice between right and wrong, but one between ideal and practical.
2. Olympics and I
Dear friend,
I have a great news to inform here. Through long efforts, Beijing has been granted the right to host 2008 Olympic games. As a resident in Beijing, I feel quite excited and like to share with you my happiness.
This success means a lot more than a game to me. In the first place, this Games will definitely promote the development of our economy. According to a recent survey by some experts, this games will raise our GDP by about 3%, and offer about 10,000 jobs. What’s more, our culture will be widely recognized and accepted all over the world through the Games. People will come over from every corner of the world, and experience Chinese culture in every aspect. Besides, through the games, our living environment will be greatly improved. For example, the public transportation system will be up-dated. Moreover, it’s known that more trees will be planted, and grassland will be considerably expanded.
My friend, I really look forward to the coming of this great Games. As an individual, I’m all ready to offer my help in any way I can. I also hope to invite you all to come here, and watch the games in 2008.
Sincerely yours,
3. Tourism in China
Recent years have seen a tendency in China that tourism is growing faster. According to a recent survey made by some experts, about 47% urban residents travel regularly, and 28% rural residents also make their tour across the country. The survey also shows that more people are interested in tourism, and will join the army in the future.
Facing this tendency, we can’t help exploring some underlying factors that are responsible. In the very first place, with the policy of reform and opening up, Chinese people’s living standard has been greatly improved, and therefore, most of them can afford to travel around. What’s more, it is believed that people now take a more positive attitude to tourism, and regard it as a life style. In addition, tourism facilities are becoming better and better. For example, transportation develops fast, and many scenic spots are available now.
Though there are still some problems with tourism, I personally believe that tourism should be playing a key role in our life. I also hope that our government will make policies to create a better environment for tourists.
4. Income Gap
There has been a heated discussion over the growing income gap now. Some people hold that the gap is natural because it reflects different contributions that different people make in their work.. In their view, those people with high income work hard and long. Besides, these people bring high efficiency, and create more wealth. Accordingly, they deserve high pay.
On the other hand, there are always some people who view this gap negatively. They believe that a lot of crimes happen as a result of this income gap. Some people make so little from their work that they risk taking criminal acts to get rich. In fact, experts have long found out that most cases of crime are directly related to low income. There is another point to back up a negative view against income gap. For most people, income gap may destroy the satisfaction that they obtain from work.
As anything has two sides, so has the problem of income gap. Personally, I believe that this gap may motivate people to compete better in job market. When this gap is growing too wide, however, our government should make some policies to get rid of its negative consequences.
5. Knowledge is power
As a popular saying goes, knowledge is power. With our country developing fast, the importance of knowledge is becoming more and more obvious to us all.
In the very first place, with knowledge, one can easily find jobs. It is often said that we are entering a new age of information, and knowledge plays a key role in this age. For example, if one wants to work in IT field, one needs to improve his knowledge constantly. What’s more, knowledgeable people can get quick promotion in their work. As is often the case, a person in charge of an organization is the one who has most knowledge. In addition, more knowledge is also needed to make our life rich and fulfilled.
Accordingly, we must try hard to acquire as much knowledge as we can. Luckily, a lot of means may enable us to do so. Among other things, web proves the best and fastest way to get information.
6. Saving animals
There is an undeniable fact that the number of animals is declining faster than ever before. According to a recent survey made by some experts, about 37 species disappear from our earth every year. It is obvious that the problem has become a serious one worth our concern.
When we explore this problem, some underlying factors emerge. In the very first place, human beings have played a big part. With the fast development of human society, the environment is much destroyed, and animals lose their home. Accordingly, some species become extinct. What’s more, people hunt animals for food and skin. A good case in point is that the Japanese have killed a lot of whales because they like to eat the meat. In addition, human beings are largely responsible for the pollution of natural environment, and poison animals in many ways.
The current problem, I believe, should be solved immediately. First of all, our government should play a key role in making relevant rules and protecting animals. The general public should also be educated to value the existence of these animals on our planet.
2004年同等学力申请硕士学位英语水平考试模考（四）
Paper One 试卷一
(90 minutes)
Part I: Listening Comprehension (20 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D by marking the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
1. A. Get some change from Jane. B. Go to look for a pay phone.
C. Use the woman’s phone. D. Pay for the phone call.
2. A. At an art gallery. B. In a department store.
C. At a bookstore. D. In a workshop.
3. A. She will help the man to catch up. B. She is worried about the man’s health.
C. She’s bought the man an up-to-date map. D. She’s bought the man a pair of glasses.
4. A. He is going to give a talk on fishing. B. He is eager to meet Susan’s parents.
C. He has the same hobby as Susan’s father. D. He thinks fishing is a good way to kill time.
5. A. He finds the presentation hard to follow.
B. He speaks highly of the presentation.
C. He considers the presentation very dull.
D. He thinks Professor White has chosen an interesting topic.
6. A. A bookshelf. B. A typewriter. C. Some stocks. D. High quality paper.
7. A. They set off early. B. They wait for a fine day.
C. They go sightseeing. D. They go to the seaside.
8. A. He liked to show off in class. B. He was the first person she met at school.
C. He had a funny face. D. He was late for school on the first day.
9. A. Her car can stand any crash. B. Her car is kept in good condition.
C. Her car is not as good as his. D. Her car is maintained as well as his.
Part B
Directions: In this section, you will first hear a conversation and then a talk. At the end of the conversation and the talk, you will hear some questions. All of them will be read only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D by marking the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Questions 10 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
10. A. To examine the chemical elements in the Ice Age.
B. To look into the pattern of solar wind activity.
C. To analyze the composition of different trees.
D. To find out the origin of Carbon-14 on Earth.
11. A. The lifecycle of trees. B. The number of trees.
C. The intensity of solar burning. D. The quality of air.
12. A. It affects the growth of trees. B. It has been increasing since the Ice age.
C. It’s determined by the chemicals in the air. D. It follows a certain cycle.
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
13. A. They kept in open prisons.
B. They are allowed out of the prison grounds.
C. They are ordered to do cooking and cleaning.
D. They are a small portion of the prison population.
14. A. Some of the open prisoners are allowed to study or work outside prisons.
B. Most of the open prisoners are expected to work.
C. The open prisoners are often sent to special centers for skill training.
D. The open prisoners are allowed freedom to visit their families.
15. A. They are encouraged to do maintenance for the training center.
B. Most of them get paid for their work.
C. They have to cook their own meals.
D. They can choose to do community work.
Part II: Vocabulary (10 minutes, 15 points, 0.5 for each)
Section A
Directions: In this section there are fifteen sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
16. I received an anonymous gift when I went to take part in an evening party yesterday.
A. expensive B. unnamed C. interesting D. impressive
17. The speaker used many examples to illustrate his point that computers will play a more and more important role in people’s daily life.
A. hold B. explain C. lecture D. define
18. It is known that a high incidence of leukemia is one of the known hazards of the job.
A. incidents B. results C. adventures D. dangers
19. The Constitution stipulates that every citizen has the sacred obligation to defend his country.
A. compulsory B. holy C. voluntary D. legal
20. In some parts of Yunnan Province, as climate and topography（地势）vary, so do the species that prevail in the forests.
A. predominate B. follow C. compose D. defend
21. If you want to describe what makes Singapore work, you can use one word: discipline.
A. punishment B. regulation C. encouragement D. salary
22. Although wild flowers appeal to nature lovers, some of them are considered troublesome weeds by farmers.
A. deadly B. annoying C. destructive D. worthless
23. Their diplomatic principles completely laid bare their desire for world conquest.
A. admiration B. ambition C. administration D. orientation
24. This book merits wide attention because it gives a detailed description of the life of Princess Diana.
A. is composed of B. is worthy of C. makes up of D. consists of
25. The child echoed his older brother’s nonsense when they played games.
A. repeated B. represented C. donated D. exceeded
26. There is no doubt that even animals that live strictly on land are capable of swimming.
A. exclusively B. rigidly C. usually D. occasionally
27. Their protestations of loyalty seem rather hollow in view of the way they behaved.
A. simple B. insincere C. vain D. absurd
28. If there weren’t any rules, people would live in a state of complete chaos.
A. harshness B. intensity C. disorder D. harmony
29. You could lodge with Mrs. Shaw for a few weeks until you find somewhere to rent permanently.
A. work B. reside C. store D. lump
30. When we went to visit the journalist, he was collecting material for an article.
A. substance B. data C. supplies D. matter
Section B
Directions: In this section there are fifteen incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
31. The director of the program advised the students to ______ wasting time in reading out-of-date materials.
A. avoid B. engage C. commit D. promote
32. Tom didn’t want to see the film but they begged so hard that he ______ and went with them.
A. gave up B. gave out C. gave in D. gave off
33. The table was large and heavy, in fact it was so ______ that it could not be moved.
A. damaged B. excessive C. massive D. panic
34. The family decided to buy the land with a ______ to building their own farm.
A. purpose B. goal C. aim D. view
35. When at the party, be sure not to ______ from the person who tries to encourage you in conversation.
A. turn away B. turn down C. turn off D. turn back
36. When the suspect appeared in court, the judge cast a ______ look at him at once.
A. straightforward B. sharp C. stern D. savage
37. It is reported that a completely new situation will ______ when the examination system comes into existence.
A. arise B. raise C. rise D. arouse
38. The construction of the new highway is well within our ______ and finances.
A. probabilities B. activities C. capabilities D. responsibilities
39. John and his twin brother do not agree on the matter, but they have a ______ respect for each other’s opinions.
A. commonplace B. loyal C. exhausted D. bored
40. The chairman of the Student Union will speak on ______ of the students at the opening ceremony.
A. benefit B. behalf C. sake D. profit
41. The captain was demoted to sergeant for failing to ______ his duties in the battle.
A. devoid B. fulfill C. realize D. achieve
42. If you want this painkiller, you will have to ask the doctor for a ______.
A. receipt B. permission C. subscription D. prescription
43. Would you please ______ these invitations to all the teachers of the English department?
A. hand over B. hand out C. hand down D. hand in
44. The young man ______ his letter of application to the director of the Personnel Department of that company.
A. sealed B. addressed C. stamped D. attached
45. I had forgotten to take my identity card into the examination, but it was of no ______ since nobody asked to see it.
A. concern B. weight C. matter D. seriousness
Part III: Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 25 points, 1 for each)
Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
Passage One
A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin-deep. One’s physical assets and liabilities don’t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.
Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not-so-beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.
Un-American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties (虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group—college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel mangers—a piece of paper relating an individual’s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.
Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated; in the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.
In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males in only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.
46. According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as a manager ______.
A. a person’s property or debts do not matter much
B. a person’s outward appearance is not a critical qualification
C. women should always dress fashionably
D. women should not only be attractive but also high-minded
47. The result of research carried out by social scientists show that ______.
A. people do not realize the importance of looking one’s best
B. women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid well
C. good-looking women aspire to managerial positions
D. attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not
48. Experiments by scientists have shown that when they evaluate individuals on certain attributes ______.
A. people observe the principle that beauty is only skin-deep
B. people do not usually act according to the views they support
C. people give ordinary-looking persons the lowest ratings
D. people tend to base their judgment on the individual’s accomplishments
49. “Good looks cut both ways for women” (Para. 5) means that ______.
A. attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobs
B. good-looking women always get the best of everything
C. being attractive is not always an advantage for women
D. attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions
50. It can be inferred from the passage that in the business world ______.
A. handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women are
B. physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite well
C. physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get along quite well
D. good looks are important for women as they are for men
Passage Two
The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely because of the extreme difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on those who continue to treat our environment with reckless abandon. Attempts to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personal and industrial denial and long delays—not only in accepting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing something about it.
It seems that only when government decides it can afford tax incentives or production sacrifices is there any initiative for change. Where is industry’s and our recognition that protecting mankind’s great treasure is the single most important responsibility? If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines and provide leadership to solve environmental problems, that time is now.
We are being asked, and, in fact, the public is demanding that we take positive action. It is our responsibility as professionals in environmental health to make the difference. Yes, the ecologists, the environmental activists and the conservationists serve to communicate, stimulate thinking and promote behavioral change. However, it is those of us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve and enforce environmental standards, I submit, who must lead the change.
We must recognize that environmental health issues do not stop at city limits, county lines, state or even federal boundaries. We can no longer afford to be tunnel-visioned in our approach. We must visualize issues from every perspective to make the objective decisions. We must express our views clearly to prevent media distortion and public confusion.
I believe we have a three-part mission for the present. First, we must continue to press for improvements in the quality of life that people can make for themselves. Second, we must investigate and understand the link between environment and health. Third, we must be able to communicate technical information in a form that citizens can understand. If we can accomplish these three goals in this decade, maybe we can finally stop environmental degradation, and not mere hold it back; we will then be able to spend pollution dollars truly on prevention rather than on bandages.
51. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that the industrialists disregard environmental protection chiefly because ______.
A. they are unaware of the consequences of what they are doing
B. they are reluctant to sacrifice their own economic interests
C. time has not yet come for them to put due emphasis on it
D. it is difficult for them to take effective measures
52. The main task now facing ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists is ______.
A. to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and persuasion
B. to arouse public awareness of the importance of environmental protection
C. to take radical measures to control environmental pollution
D. to improve the quality of life by enforcing environmental standards
53. The word “tunnel-visioned” (Para. 4) most probably means ______.
A. narrow-minded B. blind to the facts
C. short-sighted D. able to see only one aspect
54. Which of the following, according to the author, should play the leading role in the solution of environmental problems?
A. Legislation and government intervention.
B. The industry’s understanding and support.
C. The efforts of environmental health professionals.
D. The cooperation of ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists.
55. Which of the following is TRUE according to the last paragraph?
A. Efforts should be exerted on pollution prevention instead of on remedial measures.
B. More money should be spent in order to stop pollution.
C. Ordinary citizens have no access to technical information on pollution.
D. Environmental degradation will be stopped by the end of this decade.
Passage Three
In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they’re nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for humanlike behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid.
A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field.
“Imitating the brain’s neural (神经的) network is a huge step in the right direction”, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, “but it were made up of color-coded transistors,” he explains. “But it’s not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves.” Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brain’s capabilities stem from the pattern-recognition proficiency of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell. The best way to build an artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills.
Right now, the notion that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial; but if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town.
56. The author says that the powerful computers of today ______.
A. are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an object
B. are close to exhibiting humanlike behavior
C. are not very different in their performance from those of the 50’s
D. still cannot communicate with people in a human language
57. The new trend in artificial intelligence research stems from ______.
A. the shift of the focus of study on to the recognition of the shapes of objects
B. the belief that human intelligence cannot be duplicated with logical, step-by-step programs
C. the aspirations of scientists to duplicate the intelligence of a ten-month-old child
D. the efforts made by scientists in the study of the similarities between transistors and brain cells
58. Conrad and his group of AI researchers have been making enormous efforts to ______.
A. find a roundabout way to design powerful computers
B. build a computer using a clever network of switches
C. find out how intelligence developed in nature
D. separate the highest and most abstract levels of thought
59. What does the phrase “the only game in town” (Para. 4) mean?
A. The only approach to building an artificially intelligent computer.
B. The only way to win a prize in artificial intelligence research.
C. The only area worth studying in computer science.
D. The only game they would like to play in the town.
60. What is the author’s opinion about the new AI movement?
A. It has created a sensation among artificial intelligence researchers but will soon die out. B. It’s a breakthrough in duplicating human thought processes.
C. It’s more like a peculiar game rather than a real scientific effort.
D. It may prove to be in the right direction though nobody is sure of its future prospects.
Passage Four
Taking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels; and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of intelligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of self-fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more educational merit badges, who is very good at some form of school discipline is “intelligent.” Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of every day.
If you are happy, if you live each moment for everything it’s worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N. B. D.—Nervous Break Down.
“Intelligent” people do not have N.B.D because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of their lives.
You can begin to think of yourself as truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Everyone who is involved with other human beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflicts and compromises are part of what it means to be a human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths, natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an N.B.D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don’t measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare.
61. According to the author, the conventional notion of intelligence measured in terms of one’s ability to read, write and compute ______.
A. is a widely held but wrong concept B. will help eliminate intellectual prejudice
C. is the root of all mental distress D. will contribute to one’s self-fulfillment
62. It is implied in the passage that holding a university degree ______.
A. may result in one’s inability to solve complex real-life problems
B. does not indicate one’s ability to write properly worded documents
C. may make one mentally sick and physically weak
D. does not mean that one is highly intelligent
63. The author thinks that an intelligent person knows ______.
A. how to put up with some very prevalent myths
B. how to find the best way to achieve success in life
C. how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhile
D. how to persuade others to compromise
64. In the last paragraph, the author tells us that ______.
A. difficulties are but part of everyone’s life
B. depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in life
C. everybody should learn to avoid trying circumstances
D. good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellence
65. According to the passage, what kind of people are rare?
A. Those who don’t emphasize bookish excellence in their pursuit of happiness.
B. Those who are aware of difficulties in life but know how to avoid unhappiness.
C. Those who measure happiness by an absence of problems but seldom suffer from N.B.D.’s.
D. Those who are able to secure happiness though having to struggle against trying circumstances.
Passage Five
U.S. college students are increasingly burdened with credit card debt, according to a study released last week,, and the consequences can be serious—ranging from higher drop-out rates, to future employment problems and even suicide.
The study, by Georgetown University sociologist Robert Manning, blamed credit card issuers for actively targeting students and college campuses out of the profits. “The unrestricted marketing of credit cards on college campuses is so aggressive that it now poses a greater threat than alcohol or sexually transmitted diseases,” Manning told a news conference in Washington. “If we do not swiftly address this destructive problem, the costs will continue to escalate, with social consequences far more tragic than mere dollars and cents.”
Based on hundred of face-to-face interviews and surveys with students, Manning concluded both the number of students with credit card debt and the amount of their debt had been “systematically under-reported” in previous studies—which failed to reflect the “survival strategies” many used to cope with their debts. These included the use of federal student loans to pay off credit cards, effectively shifting the debt, appeals to parents for loans, cutting back on course work to increase time at paid jobs, or even dropping out altogether to work full-time.
“Official drop-out rates include growing numbers of students who are unable to cope with the stress of their debts and/or part-time jobs for servicing their credit cards,” the study said.
Even then, debts can haunt students. “Student credit card debts are increasingly scrutinized (细查) during the recruitment process and may be an important factor in evaluation prospective employees,” it noted. And the stress can also manifest in far more tragic ways.
Manning said that students should bear some responsibility for reckless use of credit, but credit card companies also had to be held accountable for making it so easy for them to get into debt way over their heads.
66. The main idea of this passage is ______.
A. credit cards on U.S. college campuses are widespread
B. U.S. official drop-out rates increase in recent years
C. U.S. college students are troubled by debt
D. U.S. college students drop out to work
67. Who should be mainly responsible for the reckless use of credit?
A. College students. B. Credit card companies.
C. The colleges. D. The government.
68. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the possible consequences of reckless use of credit?
A. Higher drop-out rates. B. Sexually transmitted diseases.
C. Future employment problems. D. Suicide.
69. The word “escalate” (last sentence, Par. 2) probably means ______.
A. increase B. decrease C. keep stable D. keep changing
70. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Credit card debt is more dangerous for college students than alcohol.
B. The amount of students’ debt had been correctly reported in previous studies.
C. Some college students drop out to work full-time.
D. Students should also bear some responsibility for reckless use of credit.
Part IV: Cloze (10 minutes, 5 points, 0.5 for each)
Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
The universities are schools of education, and schools of research. 71 the primary reason for their existence is not to be found either in the mere knowledge conveyed to the students or in the mere opportunities for research afforded to the members of the faculty.
The justification for a university is that it preserves the connection 72 knowledge and the zest of life, by uniting the young and the old in the imaginative consideration of learning. The university imparts information, but it 73 it imaginatively. At least, this is the function which it should perform for society. A university which fails in this respect has no reason 74 existence. This atmosphere of excitement, arising from imaginative consideration, transforms knowledge. A fact is no longer a bare 75 : it is invested with all its possibilities. It is no longer a burden on the memory: It is energizing as the poet of our dreams, and as the architect of our purposes.
Imagination is not to be divorced from the facts: it is a way of illuminating the facts. It works by eliciting the general principles which apply to the facts, as they exist, and 76 by an intellectual survey of alternative possibilities which are consistent with those principles. It enables men to construct an 77 vision of a new world, and it preserves the zest of life by the suggestion of satisfying purposes. Youth is imaginative, and 78 imagination be strengthened by discipline this energy of imagination can in great measure be preserved through life. The tragedy of the world is that those who are imaginative have but slight experience. And those who are experienced have feeble 79 . Fools act on imagination without knowledge; pedants（书呆子）act on knowledge without imagination. The 80 of a university is to weld together imagination and experience.
71. A. Since B. Because C. Although D. But
72. A. both B. for C. with D. over
73. A. displays B. imparts C. explains D. functions
74. A. or B. for C. as D. of
75. A. fact B. thing C. reason D. example
76. A. also B. still C. then D. so
77. A. reality B. premium C. intellectual D. profit
78. A. which B. if C. what D. that
79. A. intelligence B. imagination C. collection D. sense
80. A. result B. task C. tip D. action
Part V: Error Detection (5 minutes, 5 points, 0.5 for each)
Directions: In this part, there are ten sentences. Each sentence has four underlined words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
81. Although the American economy use to be characterized by recession, nowadays it can be
A B C
considered to be in dazzlingly good shape.
D
82. It is already time that the unnecessary workers would be transferred to the work shops where
A B C
they are needed.
D
83. Apart from sciences dealing with the natural world and sciences dealing with mankind are
A B C
philosophy, about which we will talk later.
D
84. Most people would agree that, since our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge, there has
A B C
been no corresponding increase in wisdom.
D
85. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either approach a professor
A B
during office hours or making an appointment.
C D
86. The General Secretary of the Union regretted to cause the public inconvenience and blamed the
A B C
government for taking no action.
D
87. Large sums of money have to spend each year in painting the steelwork of bridges, ships, and A B C
other exposed structures.
D
88. How I wish John knew how to apply grammatical rules properly and recognizes the fact that
A B
he is nearly always in the wrong.
C D
89. We form lifelong bonds with the thousands of Chinese students who study with us every year,
A B
teaching us their culture like they learn from ours.
C D
90. During an electrical blackout last 20 March, many hotel employees worked overtime hours,
A B C
helping guests who were coping with elevators or air conditioning that had gone out.
D
Paper Two 试卷二
(60 minutes)
Part I: Translation (35 minutes, 20 points, 10 for each)
Section A
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
For most of us, the work is the central, dominating fact of life. We spend more than half our conscious hours at work, preparing for work, traveling to and from work. What we do there largely determines our standard of living and to a considerable extent the status we are accorded by our fellow citizens as well. It is sometimes said that because leisure has become more important the injustices of work can be pushed into a corner, that because most work is pretty intolerable, the people who do it should compensate for its boredom and frustrations by concentrating their hopes on the other parts of their lives. For the near future the material and psychological rewards which work can provide will continue to play a vital part in determining the satisfaction that life can offer.
Section B
Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
尽管日元的大幅度贬值对中国的出口产生了压力，但人民币汇率仍将保持稳定。中国政府承诺人民币不贬值，这将对促进亚洲经济及金融的稳定起到积极的作用，受到了国际社会的好评，但中国为此付出了重大的代价。
Part II: Writing (25 minutes, 15 points)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 25 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words on My Attitude to Crimes. Your composition should be based on the outline given below. Please remember to write your composition clearly on the COMPOSITION SHEET.
Outline:
1．犯罪行为不断增加的现状；
2．人们对犯罪行为的不同态度；
3．你的建议。
模考四答案
Paper One 试卷一
Part I: Listening Comprehension
Section A
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. B
Section B
10. B 11. C 12. D
13. D 14. A 15. B
Part II: Vocabulary
Section A
16. B 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. B 22. B 23. B 24. B 25. A
26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. B
Section B
31. A 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
41. B 42. D 43. B 44. B 45. C
Part III: Reading Comprehension
Passage 1：46. B 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. A
Passage 2：51. B 52. B 53. D 54. C 55. A
Passage 3：56. D 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. D
Passage 4：61. A 62. D 63. C 64. A 65. B
Passage 5：66. C 67. B 68. B 69. A 70. B
Part IV: Cloze
71. D 72. B 73. B 74. B 75. A 76. C 77. C 78. B 79. B 80. B
Part V: Error Detection
81．B错，应该改为“used to be”。
82．B错，应该改为“were transferred”。
83．C错，应该改为“is”。
84．B错，应该改为“although/though”。
85．D错，应该改为“make an appointment”。
86．B错，应该改为“having caused”。
87．B错，应该改为“be spent”。
88．B错，应该改为“recognized”。
89．D错，应该改为“as”。
90．B错，应该改为“March 20”。
Paper Two 试卷二
Part I: Translation
Section A
对于我们大多数人来说，工作是生活中重要的、起主导作用的事情。我们一半以上神志清醒的时间都花在工作上、花在为工作所做的准备上、花在上下班的奔波上。很大程度上，我们所做的工作决定我们的生活水平，也很大程度上决定我们同胞赋予我们的地位。有时，据说因为闲瑕变得更为重要，所以工作中所受的不公平可被弃于一边；据说因为大多数工作非常令人不能忍受，所以干这些工作的人们应该通过把自己的希望寄托在生活的其他方面来抵偿工作中的无聊和工作中所受的挫折。在不久的将来，在决定生活能提供的补偿方面，工作能给予的物质和心理奖赏将继续起十分重要的作用。
Section B
Although the dramatic devaluation of Japanese yen has created pressure for the export of China, the exchange rate of RMB will still remain stable. The Chinese government has promised it won’t devalue RMB, which will play an active role in promoting the stabilization of Asian economy and finance and has received acclaim from international community, but China has paid highly for this.
Part II: Writing （略）
听力原文
Section A
1. M: Hi, Jane, do you have some change? I have to make a call on the payphone.
W: Payphone? Why not use my mobile-phone? Here you are.
M: What will the man most probably do?
2. M: Can you tell me the title of this oil painting?
W: Sorry, I don’t know for sure, but I guess it an early 18 century work. Let me look it up in the catalog.
M: Where does this conversation most probably take place?
3. M: I am worried about those classes I missed when I was sick.
W: I will try to bring you up today on what we’ve done.
M: What does the woman mean?
4. W: Hey, Dan. I hear you’re meeting Susan’s parents for the first time.
M: Yeah, next weekend. Fortunately, her father loves to fish, so we will have something to talk about.
W: What can be inferred about Dan?
5. W: Professor White’s presentation seemed to go on forever. I was barely able to stay awake.
M: How could you sleep through it? It is one of the best that I have ever heard on this topic.
W: What does the man think of Professor White’s presentation?
6. W: I’m looking for quality paper to type my essay. I don’t see any on the shelf.
M: I saw some in the stockroom this morning. I will go and check.
W: What does the woman want to buy?
7. M: it seems that we’ll have another fine day tomorrow. Let’s go to the seaside.
W: O.K. But we’ll have to leave very early, or else we’ll get caught in the traffic.
M: What does the woman suggest?
8. M: Do you know James? He is in your class.
W: Certainly. In fact he was the first person I got to know in class. I still remember the look on his face when he showed up late on the first day of school.
M: Why did the woman remember James so well?
9. W: The man in the garage thinks that I take good care of my car.
M: So do I. I can’t see any scratches on the outside, and the inside is clean too.
W: What does the man think of the woman’s car?
Section B
Passage One
You can tell the age of a tree by counting its rings. But these records of a tree’s life really say a lot more. Scientists are using tree rings to what’s been happening on the sun’s surface for the last 10,000 years. Each ring represents a year of growth. As a tree grows, it adds a layer to its trunk, taking up chemical elements fro the air. By look at the elements in the rings fro a given year, scientists can tell what elements were in the air that year. Dr. Stevenson is analyzing one element, Carbon 14, in rings from both living and dead trees. Some of the rings go back almost 10,000 years, to the end of the Ice Age. When Stevenson followed the Carbon 14 trail back in time, he found Carbon 14 levels change with the intensity of solar burning. You see, the sun has cycles, sometimes it burns fiercely, at other times, it’s relatively calm. During the sun’s violent period, it throws off charged particles in fast moving streams, called solar winds. The particles interfere with the formation of Carbon 14 on earth. When there is no solar wind activity, less Carbon 14 is produced. 10,000 years of tree rings show that Carbon 14 level rises and falls about every 420 years. The scientists concluded that solar wind activity must follow the same cycle.
Questions 10 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.
10. What’s the purpose of scientists in studying tree rings?
11. What affects the amount of Carbon 14 on earth?
12. What do we learn from the passage about solar wind activity?
Passage Two
In Britain if you are found guilty of a crime, you can be sent to prison or be fined or be ordered to do community work, such as tidying public places and helping the old. You may also be sent to special centers, where you learn practical skills like cooking, writing and car maintenance. Around five percent of the prison population are women. Many prisons were built over one hundred years ago, but the government will have built eleven new prisons by next year. There’re two sorts of prisons: the open sort and the closed sort. In the closed sort, prisoners are given very little freedom. They spent three to ten hours outside their cells when they exercise, eat, study, learn skills, watch TV and talk to other prisoners. All prisoners are expected to work. Most of them are paid for what they do, whether it is doing maintenance or cooking and cleaning. Prisoners in open prisons are locked up at night, but for the rest of time they are free within the prison grounds. They can exercise, have visitors or study and some are allowed out of the grounds to study or do community work.
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
13. What do we know about women prisoners in Britain?
14. In what way are open prisons different from closed prisons?
15. What do we learn about prisoners in Britain?
