江苏大学医学院2005年细胞生物学（硕士）

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一、将下列英文名词译成中文 20分（共10个，每个2分）
1. antioncogene
2. bacterium
3. cell fusion
4. centrosome
5. enhancer
6. differentiation
7. free radical theory
8. intron
9. eukaryotic cell
10. lysosome

二、简答题 60分（共6题，每题10分）
1.细胞生物学研究的主要内容是什么？
2.单克隆抗体的制备过程。
3.生物膜的基本结构特征及生理功能。
4.什么是真核生物mRNA前体的拼接（splicing）？
5.蛋白质翻译后加工有哪些方式？
6.细胞周期包含哪四个时期，各时期的主要特征是什么？

三、问答题 60分（共3题，每题20分）
1.细胞研究的重要历史阶段划分成哪几个阶段？阐述细胞学说的内容及意义。
2.阐述真核生物细胞的主要细胞器及功能。
3.癌细胞的主要特征是什么？致癌因素根据性质大体上分为3大类，是哪3大类并举例说明。

四、英文译成中文 10分
Self-reproduction is perhaps the most fundamental characteristic of cells—as may be said for all living organisms. All cells reproduce by dividing in two, with each parental cell giving rise to two daughter cells on completion of each cycle of cell division. These newly formed daughter cells can themselves grow and divide, giving rise to a new cell population formed by the growth and division of a single parental cell and its progeny. In the simplest case, such cycles of growth and division allow a single bacterium to form a colony consisting of millions of progeny cells during overnight incubation on a plate of nutrient agar medium. In a more complex case, repeated cycles of cell growth and division result in the development of a single fertilized egg into the more than 1013 cells that make up the human body.