答案及解析：来源：考试大

　　1．  文章主题分析：Florence Nightingale
　　Florence Nightingale was born in Florence，Italy，while her wealthy English parents were traveling in Europe．As a child，she traveled to many places with her family and learned how to speak several languages．
　　由划线句内容可以判断该文章讲述Florence Nightingale这个人，可能会涉及到有关它一生的内容。
　　1 Florence Nightingale was born into a rich
　　A  Italian family．
　　B  Russian family．
　　C English family.
　　D  German family．
　　C．分析：细节题。问题问及Florence Nightingale的出生，从文章开头开始查找，注意文章中出现的与出生有关的词语。这样发现答案相关句：
　　Florence Nightingale was born in Florence，Italy，while her wealthy English parents were traveling in Europe．（该句直接揭示了她父母的情况：英国人。）As a child，she traveled to many places with her family and learned how to speak several languages．
　　考点：考察考生的细心。来源：考试大

　　2 Nightingale’s parents did not approve of her decision
　　A to work as a doctor．
　　B to care for sick people．
　　C to fight in the war with Russia．
　　D to travel to hospitals all over Europe．
　　B．分析：细节题。利用题干中出现的特征词Nightingale’s parents和核心词approve of作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：
　　When Nightingale was 17，she told her family that she was going to help sick people．Her parents did not approved，but Nightingale was determined（与decision相呼应）．该句内容直接回答了问题，因此B（照顾穷人）是答案。
　　考点：考察省略句的解读。（Her parents did not approved (of her decision to help sick people)，but Nightingale was determined (to help sick people.)）
　　care for v. 喜欢, 照顾；照料
　　e.g. I don't care for tea. 我不喜欢喝茶。
　　e.g. He's good at caring for sick animals. 他精心照料生病的牲畜。

　　3 It was not until the war with Russia that Nightingale
　　A got to work in a hospital．
　　B  began to study nursing．
　　C  started to care for sick people in their homes．
　　D  became the head of Gentlewomen During Illness
　　A．分析：细节题。利用题干中出现的特征结构作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：
　　She traveled to hospitals a11 over Europe．She saw that doctors were working too hard．She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care．Nightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people．
　　Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more，they needed special training in how to take care of sick people．Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing．Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women、called Gentlewomen During illness．These women cared for sick people in their homes．
　　In 1 854, England was fighting a war with Russia．News reporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded．People demanded that something be done about it．A leader of the government asked  Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into the war hospitals．So，in November 1 854，Nightingale finally got to work in a hospital.（该句内容直接回答的问题：直到与俄国的战争开始的时候，Nightingale才开始在医院里工作）
　　考点：考察表达特殊逻辑结构的语句：结果句。来源：考试大

　　4 On the battle fields Nightingale and her nurses proved to be
　　A as bad as the doctors had expected．
　　B  quite generous．
　　C less than useful．
　　D very helpful．来源：考试大
　　D．分析：总结概括题。借助常识判断A和C（没什么用）肯定不是答案。作为与C成反意项的D成为答案的可能性很大。注意到题干提到的是“Nightingale and her nurses”，利用这个结构作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：
　　She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself．
　　At first，the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitals．They did not believe that women could help．But in fact，the nurses did make a difference．They worked around the clock，tending the sick．Thanks to their hard work，many wounded soldiers survived．（该句内容反映出Nightingale and her nurses作了很突出的工作）
　　考点：考生推断总结能力。来源：考试大

　　5 Nightingale played a great role in
　　A the building of war hospitals．
　　B the education of women．
　　C the development of nursing．
　　D the improvement of working conditions for women．
　　C．分析：借助上面问题的解答，知道“Nightingale和她的护士”是文章的中心，因此判断C是答案。
　　After the War, Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes．Finally, in 1860，she started the Nightingale School for Nurses．In time（最终），thanks to Florence Nightingale，nursing became an important part of medicine．
　　考点：考察对文章中心的把握。（文章中心往往在文章的开头或/和结尾处得以反应）