Questions 22-31

The study of the astronomical practices, celestial lore, mythologies, religions and world-views of all ancient cultures is called archaeoastronomy. It is described, in essence, as the "anthropology of astronomy", to distinguish it from the "history of astronomy". Many of the great monuments and ceremonial constructions of early civilizations were astronomically aligned, and two well-known ancient archaeological sites seem to have had an astronomical purpose. The Orion mystery, as it is dubbed, purports that the geometry and brightness of the stars in the Orion constellation are mirrored in the alignment and size of the great pyramids of Egypt. While this claim remains hypothetical, it is nevertheless clear that ancient Egyptians incorporated astronomy with architecture. In the Temple of Abu Simbel, for example, sunlight penetrates a sacred chamber to illuminate a statue of Ramses on October 18, which ushered in the start of the Egyptian civil year. Astronomy did not exist on its own, however, but as one limb of a larger body whose other limbs included agriculture and the after-life. In this sense, astronomy linked the two themes humans are most obsessed with: life and death.

22. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(a) the definition and some examples of archaeoastronomy

(b) the possible astronomical significance of ancient monuments

(c) the history of astronomy

(d) the oldest known site possibly used for astronomy
23. The word “celestial” in line 1 could best be replaced by

(a) ancient

(b) historical

(c) heavenly

(d) scientific

24. According to the passage, archaeoastronomy

(a) pre-dates astronomy

(b) is the anthropology of astronomy

(c) is also called the history of astronomy

(d) is not a true science

25. Which of the following, according to the passage, is true about the great pyramids of Egypt?

(a) they were built for purposes of astronomy

(b) they mark the solstice and lunar phases

(c) one of them contains a statue of Ramses in a sacred chamber

(d) they are part of the Orion mystery

26. The word “ushered” in line 11 is closest in meaning to

(a) brought

(b) identified

(c) marked

(d) signaled

27. The word “illuminate” in line 11 is closest in meaning to

(a) light up

(b) warm up

(c) touch

(d) explain

28. Where in the passage does the author make reference to the moon?

(a) lines 5-9

(b) lines 10-14

(c) lines 15-19

(d) lines 20-24

29. The word “enlightenment” in line 18 is closest in meaning to

(a) awareness

(b) hope

(c) evidence

(d) explanation

30. According to the passage, the earliest known site of an observatory is probably

(a) Semitic

(b) Babylonian

(c) Chaldean

(d) Sub-Saharan

31. In line 27, the word “it” refers to which of the fo llowing?

(a) Stonehenge

(b) the Nabta site

(c) African

(d) sub-Saharan