(一)词不离句
我们发现,有些同学虽记了大量的单词和短语,却不会用。
一个单词只有放在句子中才有确切具体的意思,也只有在句子中才能体会到其用法。那种简单地按词汇表的顺序记单词的做法虽能记住一些单词,但不利于得体规范地运用。正确记单词的方法应该是“词不离句,句不离文”,即把单词放到句中,放到文章中,这样才能记住单词的音、形、义、用等,也才能了解其特有用法、习惯搭配及文化内涵等。如:
My father often told me stories when I was young.(讲故事)
Be sure to tell the truth.(说实话)
He speaks English as an American does.(说英语)
He passed without saying “hello” to me.(问好)
Generally speaking, speaking is more difficult than listening.(一般来说)
这几个句子分别使用了tell,speak,say等动词,由此我们可以了解到这几个 “说”的不同用法。
(二)一词多义
词汇的意义和用法并不是单一的,应该知其一、其二、甚至其三。关键是要把记住的单词 “盘活”。英语中的单词有各种词性,如不加区分运用就会出现错误。在学习中我们要注意结合运用(造句、背诵等)来区分、理解、记忆和掌握。如:
This game is very interesting. (adj.有趣的)
This game is of great interest. (n.趣味)
We are interested in the interesting game.
(对……感兴趣)
The film interested us very much.
(v.使某人感兴趣)
We all show / take / feel(an) interest in the sports.
(对……感兴趣)
由此看来,“盘活”单词会增强表达的自由度与灵活性,提高语言运用能力。
