Now go though TEXT K quickly and answer questions 59 and 60.
　
Some of the earliest diamonds known came from India. In the eighteenth century they were found in Brazil, and in 1866 huge deposits were found neat Kimberley in South Africa. Though evidence of extensive diamond deposits has recently been found in Siberia, the continent of Africa still produces nearly all the world's supply of these stones.
　
The most valuable diamonds are large individual crystals of of pure crystalline carbon. Less perfect forms, knows as 'boart' and 'carbonado' are clusters of tiny crystals. Until diamonds are cut and polished, they do not sparkle like those you see on a ring -- they just look like small, blue-gray stones.
　
In a rather crude form, the cutting and polishing of precious stones was an art known to the Ancient Egyptians, and in the Middle Ages it became widespread in north-west Europe. However, a revolutionary change in the methods of cutting and polishing was made in 1476 when Ludwig Van Berquen of Bruges in Belgium invented the use of a swiftly revolving wheel with its edge faced with fine diamond powder. The name 'boart' is given to this fine powder as well as the natural crystalline material already mentioned. It is also given to badly flawed or broken diamond crystals, useless as jewels, that are broken into powder for grinding purposes, the so-called 'industrial' diamonds.
　
Diamond itself is the only material hard enough to cut and polish diamonds -- though recently, high-intensity light beams called lasers have been developed which can bore holes in them. It may be necessary to split or cleave the large stones before they are cut and polished. Every diamond has a natural line of cleavage, along with it may be split by a sharp blow with a cutting edge.
　
A fully cut 'brilliant' diamond has 58 facts, or faces, regularly arranged. For cutting or faceting, the stones are fixed onto copper holders and held against a wheel, edged with a mixture of oil and fine diamond dust, which is revolved at about 2,500 revolutions a minute. Amsterdam and and Antwerp, in Holland and Belgium respectively, have been the center of the diamond cutting and polishing industry for over seven centuries.
　
The jewel value of brilliant diamonds depends greatly on their color, or 'water' as it is called. The usual color of diamonds are white, yellow, brown, green, or blue-white; the blue-white brilliants are the stones of the 'finest water' and so command the highest prices. During their formation some diamonds absorb metallic oxides from the surrounding rocks and take on their color. Thus black, red and even bright pink diamonds have occasionally been found.
　
The trade in diamonds is not only in the valuable gem stones but also in the industrial diamonds mentioned above. Zaire produces 70% of such stones. They are foxed into the rock drills used in mining and civil engineering, also for edging band saws for cutting stone. Diamond-faced tools are used for cutting and drilling glass and fine porcelain, and for dentist's drills. They are used as bearings in watches and other finely balanced instruments. Perhaps you own some diamonds without knowing it -- in your wristwatch.
　
　
PAPER TWO
　
PART IV    TRANSLATION(60 MIN.)
　
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH
　
Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on Answer Sheet Three.
　
奥林匹克运动会可以追溯到古代。古希腊人喜欢各种运动，因为运动能使身体强健。他们每四年举行一次运动会，成千上万的人聚集在辽阔的草原上，欣赏来自希腊各地的成人和儿童的竞技。运动项目有赛跑，摔交，跑马，战车比赛等等。有成人的比赛项目，也有儿童的比赛项目。
　
在大部分比赛中，成人和儿童都穿得很少或者不穿衣服，却在身上涂油。奖品是用野生橄榄树叶作成的花冠。谁只要能戴上一只花冠，那就是无上的光荣。
　
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