TEXT D There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is that of men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often insufficient, one must have recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessary for a prince to know how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly taught to the rulers by ancient writers, who relate how Achilles and many others of those ancient princes were given Chiron the centaur to be brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable (寓言) of this semi-animal, semi-human teacher is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures, and that without the other it is not durable. A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox cannot defend himself from wolves. Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interest, and the reasons which made him bind himself no longer exist. If men were all good, this precept would not be a good one; but as they are bad, and would not observe their faith with you, so you are not bound to keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a prince who wish to show colorable excuse for the nonfulfilment of his promise. Of this one could furnish an infinite number of examples, and how many times peace has been broken, and how many promises rendered worthless, by the faithlessness of princes, and those that have best been able to imitate the fox have succeeded best. But it is necessary to be able to disguise this character well, and to be a great feigner and dissembler, and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities, that the one who deceives will always find those who allow themselves to be deceived.
76. The writer does not believe that _____.
A) the truth makes men free.
B) people can protect themselves.
C) princes are human.
D) leaders have to be consistent.
77. "Prince" in the passage designates _____.
A) anyone in power.
B) elected officials.
C) aristocrats.
D) sons of kings.
TEXT E These is a new type of advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among" situations vacant", although it doesnt offer anyone job, and sometimes it appears "situations wanted", although it is not placed by someone looking for a job either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job. "Contact us before writing your application", or "Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae (工作简历) or job history", is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right. There was a time when job seeker simply wrote letters of application." Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams", was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest. Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. "Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for," was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job in view. There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.
78. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns _____.
A) informs job hunters of the opportunities available.
B) promises useful advice to those looking for employment.
C) divides available jobs into various types.
D) informs employers that people are available for work.
79. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because _____.
A) there is a lack of jobs available for artistic people.
B) there are so many top-level job available.
C) there are so many people out of work.
D) the job history is considered to be a work of art.
80. In the past it was expected that first-job hunters would _____.
A) write a initial letter giving their life history.
B) pass some exams before applying for a job.
C) have no qualifications other than being able to read and write.
D) keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview.
