21. Transcendentalism: A literary and philosophical movement, associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, asserting the existence of an ideal spiritual reality that transcends the empirical and scientific and is knowable through intuition. 超验主义, 一种文学和哲学运动，与拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生和玛格丽特·富勒有关，宣称存在一种理想的精神实体，超越于经验和科学之处，通过直觉得以把握

22. Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote the Scarlet Letter. 美国

23. Morphology: The study of the structure and form of words in language or a language, including inflection, derivation, and the formation of compounds.词法，词态学，形态音位学, 语言或某一语言中对于单词的结构和形式的研究，包括词尾变化、派生和合成词的构成

24. affricate: A complex speech sound consisting of a stop consonant辅音 followed by a fricative摩擦; for example, the initial sounds of child and joy. 塞擦音由闭塞音伴随着摩擦音而形成的复杂的语音；例如 child和 joy的第一个音Also called: affricative.

25. Vanity Fair 名利场 was written by John Bunyan.班扬

26. Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the moon. Edwin Aldrin, Michael Collins

尼尔．阿姆斯特朗、埃德温．奥尔德林、迈克尔．柯林斯

27. The title of the national anthem 国歌 of Canada is O Canada. 此种类型题同学们可自己多找几个国家。

28. Henry David Thoreau’s work, Walden, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism.

29. etymology: the history of a word. 词源学

30. The dominant accent in the United States is General American. 除纽约市、南方、新英格兰