creature

　　n.  a living person or animal

　　capitalize

　　vi. （on） profit by; use to one's own advantage included

　　hazard

　　vt. venture; risk

　　exception

　　n.  the fact of being left out; （a cause of） not being included

　　chimpanzee

　　n.  a small African ape with dark hair黑猩猩

　　whale

　　n.  a large sea animal that resembles fish but breathes air 鲸

　　dolphin

　　n.  a sea animal that has a snout like a beak 海豚

　　contingency

　　n.  a chance happening; uncertain event

　　automatic

　　a.  done or produced by the body without thought or control

　　automatically

　　ad.

　　dislike

　　vt. consider unpleasant; not like

　　generous

　　a.  willing to give or share; unselfish 慷慨的

　　generous-minded

　　a.

　　sparse

　　a.  thin; thinly scattered

　　resultant

　　a.  happening as an effect; resulting

　　metaphor

　　n.  a figure of speech in which two things are compared without using "like" or "as"

　　nonetheless

　　ad. in spite of that; nevertheless

　　sustain

　　vt. maintain or keep （sth.） going; confirm

　　genuine

　　a.  real or true; not false

　　unsettled

　　a.  not yet settled

　　debatable

　　a.  lending itself to formal debate; having strong points on both sides

　　biosphere

　　n.  the part of the world in which life can exist 生命层；生物圈

　　conjoin

　　vt. cause to join together or unite

　　coherence

　　n.  natural or reasonable connection; consistency 连贯；一致性

　　coherent

　　a.

　　resemble

　　vt. be like or similar to

　　embryo

　　n.  the young of any creature in its first state before birth, or before coming out of an egg 胚胎

　　emergence

　　n.  the act or fact or emerging

　　entity

　　n.  sth. That has a real and separate existence; being; existence 实体；存在

　　totality

　　n.  the state of being whole; completeness

　　feedback

　　n.  a process in which the factors that produce a result are themselves modified,  corrected, strengthened, etc. by that result 反馈

　　cybernetic

　　a.  of, relating to, or involving cybernetics （控制论）

　　optimal

　　a.  most favorable; best

　　optimum

　　n., a.

　　postulate

　　vt. assume without proof as a basis of reasoning; take for granted

　　notion

　　n.  an idea, belief or opinion in one's mind; concept

　　fume

　　vi. give off vapor, gas or smoke; show anger or irritation

　　faction

　　n.  a group or party within a large group  派别

　　evolve

　　v.  develop gradually by a long continuous process 演化

　　decry

　　vt. express strong disapproval; cry out against

　　heresy

　　n.  a belief different from the accepted belief of a church, school, profession or other group 异教；异端

　　sociobiologist

　　n.  one who studies the biological basis for animal and human social behavior

　　antisociobiologist

　　n.

　　behold

　　vt. have in sight; see

　　astonishment

　　n.  great surprise; amazement

　　astonish

　　vt.

　　imaginative

　　a.  having or showing a strong imagination

　　govern

　　vt. direct or manage; rule; control

　　Phrases & Expressions

　　move ahead

　　go forward

　　plug away

　　work persistently

　　at close quarters

　　very near or near together

　　out of fashion

　　not popular or approved of

　　explain away

　　give a satisfactory reason for; remove objection to by means of a convincing argument

　　at the outset

　　at the beginning

　　on the part of

　　of or by （sb.）

　　have it （that）

　　maintain, assert （that）

　　think over

　　think carefully about; consider; study

　　capitalize on

　　profit by; make full use of （sth.）

　　in possession of

　　having; owing

　　stir up

　　excite; stimulate; provoke

　　catch on

　　become popular or fashionable

　　Proper Names

　　Lewis Thomas

　　刘易斯.托马斯

　　Darwin

　　达尔文

　　Walace

　　华莱士

　　Grasse

　　格拉斯

　　Lovelock

　　洛夫洛克

　　Margulis

　　马古利斯

　　Gaia

　　盖亚