八、动名词
Taking a cold bath every day
（考点：动名词作主语）
making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do
（考点：动名词作动词的宾语）
（下列动词后的宾语只能是动名词而不能是不定式：admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, dread, encourage, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, can’t help, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist, risk, can’t stand, stop, suggest）
getting our goods into the international market
（考点：动名词作介词的宾语）
crying over spilled milk
（考点：动名词用于固定结构。动名词经常与以下词组连用：be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, what’s the point of, what’s the use of）
having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper
（考点：动名词的完成式）
being promoted to manager
（考点：动名词的被动式）

九、非谓语动词用法区别
working very hard.
（考点：mean表示“意味着”）
to drive there, but his car broke down
（考点：mean表示“打算”）
（类似需要区别的动词还有forget, remember, regret, go on, stop等）
talking to his mother
（考点：强调正在进行）
talk to his mother for an hour
（考点：强调整个过程）
only to break his own leg
（考点：意料之外的结果）
breaking his legs
（考点：意料之中的结果）
to see his parents in good health
（考点：不定式作原因状语位于句末）
Seeing his parents safe and sound
（考点：分词作原因状语位于句首）
Following its footprints
（考点：现在分词强调主动）
followed by two body guards
（考点：过去分词强调被动）

十、名词从句
Why they left their hometown for Yunnan
（考点：主语从句）
What confused me most
（考点：同上）
That this was done on purpose
（考点：同上）
who should be responsible for this matter
（考点：较长的主语从句可以后置，用it作形式主语）
whom Mary is engaged to
（考点：同上）
what can be done today
（考点：宾语从句）
what I have been looking for
（考点：表语从句）
whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human vision
（考点：whether/if引导后置的主语从句）
Whether she likes the present
（考点：whether引导前置的主语从句）
whether I should ask for another loan
（考点：whether引导表语从句）
whether they will support us
（考点：whether引导宾语从句）
whether I can count on your vote
（考点：whether引导同位语从句）
（9-12中的whether不可以替换为if）
that the Government could do nothing to raise their wages
（考点：同位语从句）
that the chairman would agree to this proposal
（考点：同上）

十一、定语从句
the house where Lu Xun was born
（考点：先行词为地点，定语从句通常由where引导）
on the day when his son arrived
（考点：先行词为时间，定语从句通常由when引导）
the reason why I am in favor of this reform
（考点：先行词为reason，定语从句通常由why引导）
a triangle whose three sides are of unequal length
（考点：whose引导的定语从句）
which made our journey more difficult
（考点：非限制性定语从句）
most of whom were English majors
（考点：同上）
As is known to all
（考点：as 引导的定语从句）

十二、状语从句
Whatever we talk about　
（考点：让步状语从句）
Whichever side wins
（考点：同上）
However hard some people in the audience tried to upset him
（考点：同上）
so that we might get a better view
（考点：目的状语从句）
that it took us nearly two weeks to solve it
（考点：结果状语从句）
as long as you promise to be back before 11 at night
（考点：条件状语从句）
as if it happened yesterday
（考点：方式状语从句）

十三、比较级最高级
as gracefully as her sister
（考点：同级比较）
far uglier in London than here
（考点：用副词或词组来修饰比较级）
one of the best pictures that he has ever painted
（考点：最高级）
the thinner the air becomes
（考点：“越……越……”结构）

十四、倒装句
when a knock at the door awakened her
（考点：Hardly…when…结构）
than she fell ill
（考点：No sooner…than…结构）
Nor did the wife say a word of welcome.
（考点：nor表示“后者与前者一样地不……”）
did the doctor realize that his patient needed surgery
（考点：only引导的状语位于句首，句子倒装）
can we conclude the business
（考点：同上）

十五、强调句
It was Jefferson who wrote（考点：强调主语）
It is with genuine feeling that the author（考点：强调状语）
It was because the water had risen that（考点：强调状语从句）
It was Jim, the heartless fellow, who was heard（考点：强调主语）
It was not until I told her that（考点：强调状语从句）