真题演练:四级简答解题真题解析一(2)

网络资源 Freekaoyan.com/2008-04-08



  第三题 What kind of people can now find a job as an English teacher?

  题解: 本题有两处重要线索,只要找到一处,即能找到正确答案。这两处线索分别是:第三段的第一句话说,现在雇主们只去注意那些……的人,省略号的部分即是答题的关键。另一处线索是第四段的第二句话,“只要他们能……”,能答出此处,也是正确的。

  要点: (1)问题是“什么样的人”,因此本题的作答应该是名词短语,最好用定语从句。

  (2)题干中的“can”表明这是现在时,这是一个重要的线索。

  其它的评分标准:来源:www.examda.com

  标准答案:

  Those who are qualified.

  Those who can teach English effectively.

  l 可得2分的回答:

  1) Those who have good skills and attitudes to teach effectively.

  2) Both qualified native English speakers and non-native speakers.

  3) Whoever has the knowledge, the skills and the right attitudes.

  l 可得1.5分的回答:

  1) Having the knowledge, the skill and teaching English effectively.

  问题中问的是哪种人能找到教师工作,回答与提问不对应,仅提到应具备的素质,因此扣分。

  2) Those who have knowledge and skills, can teach English effectively. 语言错误,应为,扣分。

  3) Who can teach and have the required level of English. 语言错误,应添加,才能具有名词性,扣分。

  l 可得1分的回答:

  1) People who has knowledge, the skills and attitudes to teach English effectively. 语言错误,应为have,扣分。超词,扣分。

  2) The knowledgeable, skillful people who have the required English level.

  错误使用knowledgeable,该词意思是“渊博的”,与答案内容无关,扣0.5分。若具体回答成为一个英语教师的条件,应为the knowledge, the skills, and the right attitudes,回答中仅提到the skill一项,扣0.5分。

  l 可得0.5分的回答:

  1) The people who had the required level of English. 答案关键内容缺失较多,扣1分。时态错误,扣0.5分。

  2) A people who have the attitudes to teacher English effectively. 句中语言错误较多,扣0.5分。句子语意与原文意义相差较远,扣1分。

  l 可得0分的回答:

  1) He’s the knowledge, the skills, attitudes to teach English effectively.来源:www.examda.com

  2) People can teach English effectively.

  !!特别提示:

  这两个回答看上去与问题毫不相关。但稍加改动即为正确答案:

  1) He who has the knowledge … (1.5分)

  2) People who can teach… (2分)

  也许写下这两个回答的考生已经理解了文章,但由于他们严重错误的表达,他们的回答变得答非所问,不能得分。这一点请大家务必注意。

  第四题What is the result of the “new form of discrimination”(Line 5, Para.4)?

  题解: 这是类似于阅读理解中词义判断的题,但与做阅读理解不同的是,在阅读理解中存在两种词汇题,其一是考查学生利用上下文猜单词的能力,其二是考查根据上下文对(主要是熟悉的)词语的理解能力。而在简答题中,考查的对象主要是第二点。

  就本题而言,原文中已经在括号中给出了不认识的单词的汉语意思,因此,这是不猜测词义的题,而是要求根据上下文判断这外短语在本文中的所指,是一道理解的题。

  在找到第四段中的这个短语后,可以发现在“a new form of discrimination”的破折号之后的部分内容就是答案。稍微组织一下,可以全面的回答为 it singled out the unqualified and liberated the linguistically oppressed。

  如果确实理解了这句话,可以看出它的意思是“它剔除了不合格的(教师),解放了以前在语言上受压迫的(教师)”。

  要点: 问题是“……的结果”,应该用完整的句子作答。

  其它的评分标准:

  l 标准答案:

  The linguistically oppressed are liberated.

  Unqualified English teachers are singled out.

  l 可得2分的回答:

  1) The result is that the linguistically oppressed were liberated.

  2) Singling out the unqualified, liberating the linguistically oppressed.

  3) The unqualified teachers are singled out while the qualified liberated.

  4) It liberated the non-native English teachers linguistically oppressed.

  5) It selected the qualified teachers and singled out the unqualified.

  l 可得1.5分的回答:

  1) The inqualified English teachers are singled out. 语言错误,扣0.5分。

  2) It single out the unqualified liberated ^ linguistically oppressed. 多处语言错误,扣0..5分。

  3) To liberate the linguistically oppressed 不定式表将来,问题问的是已产生的后果,时间不符,扣0.5分。

  l 可得1分的回答:

  1) Qualification may be more important. 句子意义与短文内容不贴切,扣1分。

  2) The non-native teachers replace those unqualified native teachers.

  回答不准确,什么样的非本族语教师没有说清楚,这恰恰是答案的重要部分,扣1分。

  3) The unqualified native English teachers will be fired.

  句子时态错误,扣0.5分。句子含义不准确,扣0.5分。

  l 可得0.5分的回答:

  The non-natives could also become an English teacher.

  与短文意义相差太远,扣1.5分。

  l 得0分的回答:

  1) Teachers are justified if they were qualified.来源:www.examda.com

  2) It will improve the teachers’ all kinds of level.

  3) The non-native speaks are liberate.

  完全答非所问,不得分。

  第五题 The phrase “the linguistically oppressed”(Line 6, Para. 4) refers to those who were_________.

  题解: 本题的短文中的位置与第四题在同一句话中,但答题的线索却不相同。它的线索其实是基于对全文的理解。本文主要是就英语教师的问题,将过去和现在人们对native English speakers和non-native English speakers的英语教师的态度和评判的标准加以对比。在第二段(问题的第一题)指出在过去,只要是native English speaker,你就能是英语教师了,这暗示人们对native English speaker的盲目倾向;第三段指出了人们现在评判英语教师的标准(第二题),最后一句说,“Non-natives are happy--- linguistic discrimination(语言上的歧视)is a thing of the past”,言外之意是过去Non-natives 在过去是受歧视的。那么“受歧视的”与“受压迫的”明显指的是同一种人,所以本题的答案很简单,就是non-native English speakers 的英语教师,可以用英语表达为:non-native teachers of English。

  但本题中有一个陷阱,就是前面的it singled out the unqualified。在过去受压迫的non-native teachers of English中肯定也有合格的和不合格的,所以显然不是所有的non-native teachers of English都被解放了,那些不合格的还是被剔除了。所以如果只答出non-native teachers of English的话,只是理解对了一半,最终本题的正确答案应该是在non-native teachers of English前加上qualified一词。

  要点: (1)问题中要填的是定语从句的表语部分,表示“什么样的人”,因此本题的作答应该是名词短语而不要用句子。

  (2)题干中的“who were”表明这是过去时,这是一个重要的线索。

  l 标准答案:

  qualified non –native teachers of English.

  l 可得2分的回答:

  1) qualified in teaching English but were non-native speakers.

  2) good English teachers but were non-natives.

  3) non-native English teachers who could teach English effectively.

  l 可得1.5分的回答:

  1) non-native speakers but have the ability to teach well.

  回答中没有明确讲教什么课程教的好,与短文意义略有差异,扣0.5分。如果是“teach English”的话,就对了。

  2) able to teach English but not a native English speaker.

  回答中没有指明英语教学的质量好坏,不太符合短文意义,扣0.5分。

  3) the non-native speakers who are qualified for the job.

  问题原句是过去时,回答中用现在时,时态不符,扣0.5分。

  l 可得1分的回答:

  1) non-native English teachers

  短文中对的定义中包含两方面的定义:1. non-native ,2. qualified。回答中只涉及定义的一方面,扣1分。

  2) non-native English teachers but had the required level of English.

  回答不全面,扣1分。回答中提到的英语水平仅是英语教师资格要求中的一条,并不能代表有资格(qualified)。

  3) qualified but unemployed for their being non-native speakers

  回答中既有qualified又有nonnative,本应意义完整,但qualified后所跟unemployed,与原文意思矛盾,且qualified与unemployed两词意义也有矛盾之处,因此,扣1分。

  l 可得0.5分的回答:

  1) non-native English teachers without right treatment. 回答不全面,且有部分内容有语言错误,扣1.5分。

  2) non-native English speaker and have the required level of English.回答不全面,且有语言错误,扣1.5分。

  l 得0分的回答:

  1) employed as a teacher.

  2) the native speakers

  3) employers who have required level but a non-native.

  回答答非所问或完全理解错误,不得分。


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