invade
vt. enter （a country） with armed forces in order to attack; violate, interfere with 侵犯
autonomy
n. （the right of） self-government; freedom to determine one's own actions, behavior, etc. 自治（权）；自主
render
vt. cause to be
informed
a. having knowledge or information; having and using suitable knowledge 了解情况的；有见识的
concerning
prep. about, with regard to
increasingly
ad. more and more all time
befall（ befell, befallen）
vt. （use. sth. bad ） happen to （sb.） 降临到……头上
integrity
n. honesty or sincerity; wholeness 诚实，正直；完整
credibility
n. the quality of being believable; trustworthiness 可靠性；可信
colleague
n. an associate; fellow worker or member of a profession or organization 同事
suspicion
n. doubt; mistrust 怀疑
deceit
n. deception; a dishonest trick 欺骗
undercut
vt. undermine; weaken 暗中破坏；削弱
scrupulously
ad. carefully; conscientiously 一丝不苟地
spiral
n. a curved shape which winds round; a continuous and expanding increase or decrease 螺旋（形）；盘旋上升（或下降）
lawsuit
n. a noncriminal case in a court of law 诉讼（案件）
injure
vt. cause physical harm to; damage
arise （arose）
vi. move or go upward; come into existence 上升；出现
bill
n. 法案；议案；账单
alternative
n. a choice between two or more things; any of the things to be chosen 抉择；可供选择的东西
treatment
n. a substance or method used in treating someone medically 治疗；疗法
eloquent
a. having the power of expressing one's feeling or thoughts with grace and force 雄辩的
disapprove
vt. consider not good or not suitable; have or express an opinion against 不赞成
refrain
vi. hold oneself back; keep oneself （from doing sth.） 忍住；戒除
object
vi. be against sth. or sb. 反对
objection n.
bitterly
ad. sharply severely
deceive
vt. cause （sb.） to believe sth. that is false 欺骗
debate
vt. argue about （sth.） in an effort to persuade other people 辨论
issue
n. a question that arises for discussion 问题；争端
practitioner
n. a professional man, esp. in medicine or in law 开业者（尤指医生、律师等）
consequence
n. result; importance 后果；重要性
avoidable
a. that can be prevented from happening
wary
a. cautious; in the habit of looking out for possible danger or trouble 谨慎的；谨防的
erode
vt. wear away; eat into 腐蚀
saying
n. a well-known wise statement; proverb 格言；谚语
Phrases & Expressions
go on （a trip, vacation）
depart for the purpose of
at times
occasionally; now and then 间或；有时
in one's eyes
in one's opinion
for one's （own） sake
for one's own benefit 为了某人自己的利益
slip into
fall into; enter （esp. through carelessness） 陷入
contrary to
opposite to; despite
in the first place
firstly
in the course of during
during
in the dark
uninformed; ignorant 不知情，蒙在鼓里
bring to a close
end 结束，终止
take leave （of）
say goodbye （to）
in the long run
in the end; ultimately 从长远的观点看；最终
go to great lengths
do anything possible, however dangerous, unpleasant, wicked, etc. 不遗余力
refrain from
not do , stop
day after day
each day
take a/ one's stand
declare one's position, loyalty, opinions, etc., and be prepared to fight （for these opinions, etc.）表明立场、意见等
