07年12月大学英语新四级考试写作指导(三)(2)
网络资源 Freekaoyan.com/2008-04-08
谋篇布局:
本文属于说明性小品文,题材涉及大学生就业这个社会热点问题。根据给定的题目要求,考生应当把重点放在如何把握面试机会,最终取得成功这个中心上。从题目所给的提纲来看,第一段应当说明面试对于求职成功的重要意义,第二段则是比较个性化的一些建议。对于没有多少职场经验的四级考生来说,这一段可能有点难度,尤其是观点可能会显得空洞而没有说服力,所以闫老师提醒大家立意一定要有层次,立场一定要明确如一,过渡一定要自然连贯,语言一定要朴实地道。
重点词汇:
根据题目和提纲要求,经过专家审题和研究,闫老师推荐下面的词汇和短语,供学生在模仿训练时选择使用
succeed in doing sth(成功做某事) a large amount of(大量的) surplus(剩余、多余) labor market(劳动力市场,类似的表达还有talent market 人才市场) buyer’s market(买方市场)和卖方市场seller’s market相对应, job opportunity(就业机会) play a vital role in(扮演重要角色) secure(确保得到、保住) prospective applicant(有希望的求职者) job interview(求职面试) mutual(相互的,平等的)personal data(个人资料、个人数据) elicit(获取,获得) intended job(心仪的工作,想要得到的职位,参照targeted position) human resource manager(人力资源主管) eloquent(雄辩的、滔滔不绝的) adequate(足够的、充分的) leave sb a good impression(给某人留下好的印象) take advantage of the opportunity(利用这个契机) command of sth(对…掌握) relevant to(和…相关)bear in mind(时刻牢记) suit the position(胜任工作)
固定套语:
as to the(至于,对于…而言) for the former….(对于前者而言); for the latter…(对于后者而言); first and foremost(首先、首当其冲); next(接下来,其次); last but not least(最后,但并不是最不重要的)
精彩句子:
(1) With a large amount of surplus labor, the job market is, as it often is, a buyer’s market.
由于大量剩余劳动力的存在,今天的职场和以往一样,属于买方市场。With 这个结构非常实用,学生无论从思维还是从表达方面都很容易掌握,再加上同样实用的a large amount of 、as it often is(正如往常那样),这些地道的英语表达,使得整个句子既利于模仿,又精彩闪亮。
(2) As to the success of a job interview I would like to provide the following suggestions from my personal experience. 说道面试成功,我愿意从自身的经历出发,提供如下的参考意见。As to 英文中常用过渡词,经常用来引入新的观点。From my personal experience 在客观上拉近了读者与作者距离,使得说理过程不在那么生疏而教条。
(3) Last but not least, an applicant should bear clearly in mind that honesty is always the best policy whilst getting the job and suiting the position are equally important.
最后,但并不是最不重要的是,求职者应当时刻牢记诚实才是最好的态度,尽管千方百计地获得工作和真真正正地胜任工作同样重要。 短语动词bear in mind, get the job and suit the job, 英语谚语honesty is the best policy 等结构和谐地出现在同一个句子里,使得文章的收尾自然而有说服力。
优秀段落:
As to the success of a job interview I would like to provide the following suggestions from my personal experience. First and foremost, good manners, eloquent speech, and adequate self-confidence are crucially important, as they will leave your audience a good impression. Secondly, the applicant needs to take advantage of the opportunity to show his command of professional knowledge and skills relevant to the targeted position. Last but not least, an applicant should bear clearly in mind that honesty is always the best policy whilst getting the job and suiting the position are equally important.
本段是四级作文非常精彩的一个自然段,值得考生模仿理由有三:
从段落层次上看,非常明显,尤其是过渡词as to, first and foremost, secondly, last but not least的使用恰倒好处地疏导了说理的过程。
从语言表达上看,crucially important , take the advantage of, his command of, relevant to, bear clearly in mind, getting the position and suiting the position, equally important等常用短语的密集使用,都让文章的内容有了相当的可读性。
从说理的角度和方式看,from my personal experience, I would like to, honesty is the best policy 的使用,不仅拉近了作者和读者之间的距离,而且也使得说理过程少了许多生硬的说教成份。
从上面的讲解和范文的欣赏,读者不难发现构思在英语命题写作过程中是非常重要的环节,首先是发现素材,然后是理清关系,最后形成思路图。如果构思成功,后面的列提纲、写草稿和修改都会轻松许多。相信大家经过范文阅读,一定能够加深对构思过程和重要性的理解。下一讲,我们一起学习列提纲在英语命题作文中的重要性。
