Passage 12

　　More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.
　　It’s easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.
　　Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it’s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.
　　Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met.
　　Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (诈骗) the most confidential （保密）records right under the noses of the company’s executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.

1. It can be concluded from the passage that _______________.
A . it is still impossible to detect computer crimes today
B . people commit computer crimes at the request of their company
C.  computer criminals escape punishment because they can’t be detected
D.  computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions

2. It is implied in the third paragraph that _________________.
A.  most computer criminals who are caught blame their bad luck
B.  the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problem
C . most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimes
D.  many more computer crimes go undetected that are discovered

3. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?
A . A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced
B . Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes to protect their reputation
C.  Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputation
D . Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information

4. What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught?
A.  With a bad reputation they can hardly find another job.
B . They may walk away and easily find another job.
C . They will be denied access to confidential records
D.  They must leave the country to go to jail.

5. The passage is mainly about _________________.
A.  why computer criminals are often able to escape punishment
B . why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspections
C.  how computer criminals mange to get good recommendations from their former employers
D.  why computer crimes can’t be eliminated