英汉互译中的正反反正表达法(2)
考研 Freekaoyan.com/2008-04-06
三、汉译英正说反译法
汉语中有些词语是肯定(正说)的,但译成英语却是否定(反说)的。例如:
14)欧妮铺上一块洁净的白桌布,又去取来些葡萄。
Eugenie unfolded a clean white table cloth and went to fetch some grapes.
15)在希腊人的生活中,奴隶制是得到默许的。
Slavery was implicit in Greek life.(形容词)
16)她非常勉强地来了。
She came very unwillingly.(副词)
17)这家机构因公正在国际上享有声誉。
The agency enjoys an international reputation for impartiality.(名词)
18)她光着脚走进了房间。
She came into the room with no shoes on.(介词短语)
19)尼克松是个彻底的现实主义者。
Nixon was nothing if not a realist.(短语)
四、汉译英反说正译法
汉语中有些词语是否定(反说)的。但译成英语却是肯定(正说)的。例如:
20)风景之美,非任何言语所能形容。
The beauty of the scenery passes all power of description.(动词)
21)星期四对我来说不方便,我们星期二碰头好吗?
Thursday is rather awkward for me.Could we meet on Tuesday?(形容词)
22)他们的会面即使说不上轻松愉快,也是亲切的。
Their meeting is cordial,if hardly relaxed.(副词)
23)他刚一走开,她就把汤姆穿着去当海盗的那件破得不成样子的上衣取出来。
The moment he was gone,she ran to a closet and got out the ruin of a jacket which Tom had gone pirating in.(名词)
24)他提前三天到达是我们没有想到的。
His arrival three days in advance is beyond our expectation.(短语)
25)毋庸置疑,中国的航空航天工业在过去的四十年中已取得了辉煌的成就。
It is beyond doubt that China has made brilliant achievements in aviation and space industry in the last forty years.(从句)
五、关于正反、反正表达法的两点说明
1、在运用正反、反正表达法进行英汉、汉英翻译否定词或含有否定意义的词语时,在翻译的过程中有的保持了原来的词性和句法作用,有些则词性和句法作用都发生了变化。(请观察比较以上例子)
2、有时,英语中的正说译成汉语中的正说或反说均无不可。例如:
26)The government had something of a case.
政府也不是完全没有理由的。(政府也有一定的理由。)
