虚拟语气“新”归纳(2)

考研 Freekaoyan.com/2008-04-06



  2.错综时间条件句

  有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来决定。例如:

  If we hadn‘t been working hard in the past few years , things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.

  If the Party hadn ‘t led the Chinese people to liberate the country,Chinese people would still live a life in pain and poverty.

  3.含蓄条件句

  有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with, otherwise, without, but for, in that position )、上下文或其它方式表现出来。这种句子称为含蓄条件句。例如:

  But for the help from you , I would not have had the chance to go to college.

  I would never mind you making such loud noises, but, you see, my baby is in a deep sleep.

  It was so quiet ; you could have heard a pin drop.

  虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用

  在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气,表示愿望、建议或命令等。根据虚拟语气的形式不同,虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。

  一、should类

  这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的,should可以省略。其具体运用体现在:

  1.在suggest , order, demand , propose, command, request, desire,insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
  如:

  He suggests that she should leave the house at once.

  The leader ordered that the task(should) be finished as soon as possible.

  He proposed that we (should) deal with the problem by the view of
  development.

  2.与suggest , order, demand , propose, command, request, desire,insist等动词相对应的名词suggestion, order, demand , proposal 等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如:

  The general sent the order that the battle(should) be held on untilthe complete failure of the enemy.

  My proposal is that we(should) set a deadline for handing in the plan.

  3.在It is/was suggested (ordered , demanded , proposed , etc. ) 结构以及necessary , essential, important, strange, natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如:

  It‘s requested that we (should) keep the stability of the society for the people’s peaceful life.

  It is necessary that the badly wounded man(should) be treated immediately.

  二、过去时态类

  英语中,还有一些词或短语后接的从句或句子,也要使用虚拟语气,虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语使用过去的某种时态(如:一般过去时、过去完成时等)来体现的。

  1. wish , would rather 后的宾语从句。如:

  He wished he had never been involved in such affairs.

  I would rather you could teach me again.

  2. as if, as though引导的从句。如:

  The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.

  He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.

  3.由if only (要是……,那该多好啊!)引导的惊叹句。如:

  If only I had passed the test !

  If only it stopped raining!

  4. It is(about/high) time 后的定语从句。如:

  It is time we went out for a walk.

  It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment.

  虚拟语气的其它用法

  在英语中,一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子,也需要使用虚拟语气。如:

  Would you mind smoking here ?

  May you be lucky!

  Long live the people of China !

  God save me.

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