9.The side of Mercury which is turned away from the sun remains in eternal darkness，with a temperature only a few degrees above absolute zero.

　　水星背向太阳的那一面，却永远处于黑暗之中，那里的温度仅比绝对零度高几度。（with a temperature above对the side of Mercury补充说明。）

　　10.No distinction can be drawn between pure and applied science in terms of differences in the training or competence of workers，　or in organization，　or in method，or even in the immediate outcome of the work.

　　不能根据工作人员的训练程度和资格、组织机构、研究方法甚至研究工作的直接成果等方面的差别来划分理论科学与应用科学的界线。（between.一 science作定语，修饰distinction.in terms of.……作状语，说明can be drawn.）

　　11.An object with at least one easily measurable property which changes apprecially while the obiect is coming to thermal equilibrium may be used as a temperature-measuring device，or thermometer.

　　当一种物质进入热平衡时，至少具有一种变化显著因而易于测量的特性，这种物质可用来作为测温装置，即温度计。（with一。equilibrium用作定语，修饰An object.）

　　12.If we could go on an imaginary journey from the surface to the centre of a star such as the Sun，we would find a steady increase in temperature and pressure.

　　如果我们能从像太阳这样的恒星的表面到其中心作一次想像的旅行，我们会发现温度和压力将持续不断地增加。（from.……to.……the Sun用作定语，修饰journey.）

　　13.The fact that a compass needle assulnes a northsouth direction leads to the conclusion that the earth must be a magnet，　with the space all around it constituting a huge magnetic field.

　　指南针指向南北方向这一事实可导出这样的结论：地球必定是一个磁体，地球周围的所有空间构成了一个巨大的磁场。（句中两个that引导的都是同位语从句。with.……field是分词复合结构，起补充说明作用。）

　　14.The second aspect is the application by all members of society，from the government officials to the ordinary citizen，of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their　work.

　　第二方面涉及从政府官员到普通公民等所有社会成员运用科学家在工作中所用的思维和行动的特定方法。（from.……to.……作非限定性定语修饰 members.by和of所引导的两个介词短语均修饰the application，of.……短语被两个介词短语分隔开了。）

　　15.Chemistry has two main aspects：descriptive chemistry，the discovery and tabulation of chemical facts；and theoretical chemistry，the formulation of theories that，upon verification，unify these facts and combine them into a system.

　　化学有两个主要方面：叙述性化学，即化学事实的发现和制表；理论化学，即对化学理论的系统阐述，根据验证把化学事实统一起来，从而归纳成一个体系。 （the discovery.……facts是descriptive chemistry的同位语，the formulation.……a system是theoretical chemistry的同位语，其中that引出定语从句，upon verification用作状语。）