passage:
reading techniques 阅读技巧
the sports pages 体育专栏
the business pages 商业专栏
summary 摘要，概要
headline 大字标题
subheading 幅标题
introduction 导言，序论
chapter n.(书籍)章
classified ads 分类广告
caption 说明，字幕
quote 引用
nonfiction n.非小说的散文文学
recipe book 食谱
speed-reading 速读
skim-reading 浏览，略读
selective reading 选择性阅读
memory vault 记忆库
light receiver 感光器
index finger 食指 (thumb, middle finger, ring finger, little finger)

1.
start with
e.g. The teacher often starts his lecture with humorous stories.
He started his speech with a touching story.

2.
equivalent adj.相等的, 相当的n.等价物, 相等物
e.g. equivalent weight当量
He changed his pounds for the equivalent amount of dollars.
他把英镑换成了等值的美元。
Some American words have no British equivalent.
美国英语的一些用法在英国英语中没有对等的词。

3.
equal adj. 平等的，均等的
e.g. Humans are born equal. 人生而平等。
We now share equal rights and opportunities. 我们现在享有相同的权利和机会。
We should get equal pay for equal work. 同样的工作，同样的报酬。
The two boys are equal in ability. 这两个孩子能力相当。
be equal to
What you have learned by yourself is equal to the level of sophomore.
你自学的程度已经相当于大三的水平了。

4.
devour v. 吞吃，狼吞虎咽
e.g. The lion devoured the deer. 狮子狼吞虎咽地把鹿吃了下去。
The hungry boy was devouring his dinner.
那饥饿的孩子狼吞虎咽地吃饭。
The fire devoured the forest. 大火烧毁了森林。
I am devoured with anxiety. 我忧愁极了。
The boy devoured the books he could get about the author in the kitchen. (喻)
这个小伙子在厨房里如饥似渴地读着他能弄到的关于这个作者的一切书。

5.
alphabetical adj. 字母的
alphabet n.字母表
in alphabetical order按字母顺序

6.
amplify v.引申，发挥，详述;详细解释：
e.g. Let me amplify so that you will understand the overall problem.
让我来详细解释一下，这样你就会理解整个问题了
He amplified (on) his new findings with drawings and figures.
他用图表和数字进一步阐明他新近的发现。

7.
highlight vt.加亮, 使显著, 以强光照射, 突出

8.
glean v. to collect bit by bit收集，点点滴滴地收集，获得：
e.g. Historians glean their knowledge from records. 历史学家们从记录资料中收集信息
He is gleaning information for his paper in the library. 他正在图书馆为论文收集材料。

9.
visual adj. 视觉的，形象的
e.g. visual field视野
visual nerve视神经
visual sensation视觉
visual pollution视觉污染

10.
flag one’s attention: bring attention to sth; arouse one’s attention
e.g. The ad design flags people’s attention by bright colors.
这则广告用鲜艳的颜色吸引人们的注意力。
flag v.枯萎; 失去吸引力
e.g. After doing the same thing for a long time, ones interest flags.
很长时间干同样的活儿, 人的兴趣就会减退。
Some plants flag in dry weather.
有些植物在干旱的天气中会枯萎
n. 国旗 the national flag 国旗

11.
refresh v.(使)精神振作, (使)精力恢复, 更新
e.g. A cool drink refreshed me after my long walk.
走了很长的一段路之后，一杯冷饮使我恢复了精神。
He usually refreshes himself with a cup of tea 喝杯茶提神
The old picture refreshed his memory of the history in those day.
这张老照片唤起了他对那段时光的记忆。
refresh a ship with water给船上补给水
refresh a fire使火再旺
The host refreshed our teacups. 主人又为我们斟茶。

12.
key points 关键
e.g. I usually draw a line under key points in the textbook with a highlighter.
我经常把书上的重点用英光笔画出来。
The key point of the case is the evidence of the waiter. 这个案件的关键是服务生的证词。

13.
in brief：in short 简言之
brief adj. 简单的; 短暂的; 简洁的; 简短的
e.g. a cold and brief welcome冷淡而简短的欢迎
make a brief visit作短暂的访问
In brief, we cant accept such harsh terms.简单说,我们不能接受这样苛刻的条件。
In brief he says No 他简短地说了一个不字。
In brief, I hold the opposite opinion on this issue. 简言之，对这件事我持相反态度。

14.
reflect on 思考，反省
e.g. After the incident, he took a long time to reflect on his failure.
You should calm down to reflect on your own errors and draw some experiences.
你该静下心来好好反省你自己的错误，从而总结经验。