*choice， alternative， option， preference， selection， election
Each of these nouns denotes the act, power, or right of choosing.
1)
Choice implies broadly the freedom to choose from a set, as of persons or things:
e.g.The store offers a wide choice of fruits and vegetables.
商店提供许多可供选择的水果和蔬菜。
I had no choice-- her decision was final. 我没有选择的余地--他们的决定已成定局。
2)
Alternative emphasizes a choosing between only two possibilities or courses of action: Alternative强调在只有两种可能性或者行为方式之间所作的选择：
e.g.An unhappy alternative is before you, Elizabeth. . . . Your mother will never see you again if you do not marry Mr. Collins, and I will never see you again if you do? (Jane Austen).
“伊丽莎白，你面前摆着只有两种令人不快的选择。…如果你不嫁给柯林斯先生，你母亲会再也不愿见到你, 而如果你要嫁给他，我会再也不愿见到你”(简·奥斯丁)。
3)
option often stresses a power or liberty to choose that has been granted, as by an authority: option常常侧重于已经被权威等所授予的一种选择能力或自由：
e.g.The option lies between accepting the candidate the administration proposes and reconstituting the search committee.
可以在接受由领导提名的候选人以及重组选拔委员会之间作出选择。
4)
preference indicates choice based on ones values, bias, or predilections:指基于个人价值观、偏见或偏好上的选择：
e.g.We were offered our preference of wines.
我们可以选择自己喜欢的葡萄酒。
5)
Selection suggests a variety of things or persons to choose from:含有可供选择的许多不同的人或物的意思：
e.g.parents should exercise care in their selection of the movies their young children see. 家长们在为他们年幼的孩子们挑选所看的电影时应小心谨慎。
6)
Election especially emphasizes the use of judgment in choosing: 特别强调选择时使用判断力：
e.g.The university recommends the election of courses in composition and literature.
校方建议选择有关写作与文学的课程
7.
primitive adj.原始的, 远古的, 粗糙的, 简单的
e.g.primitive men lived in caves. 原始人住在山洞里。
The native of that region still live in primitive straw huts.
那个地区的居民依然住在古老的茅草屋里。
Small seashells were once used as a primitive kind of money.
小贝壳曾经被用作简单的钱币。
8.
parallel n.平行线, 平行面, 类似, 相似物
e.g.Do you think it is a unique event, without parallel in history?
你觉得这件事是历史上独一无二的事件吗?
He is the greatest center in the history of basketball without a parallel.
他是篮球史上无与伦比最伟大的中锋。
There are few parallels between American football and European football.
美国足球和欧洲足球没有什么相似之处。
v.相应, 平行; 相等;匹敌
e.g.The stream parallels the road for several miles.
这条小河与那条道平行数英里。
No one has paralleled his success in business.
没有人能与他在商业上的成功相匹敌。
Her daily life parallels mine. 她的日常生活与我的相同。
adj.平行的, 相同的, 类似的, 并联的
e.g.parallel lines平行线
parallel bars双杠
The railway line runs parallel with / to the highway.
铁路线和那条公路平行。
9.
award vt. 颁奖，授奖
e.g.The school awarded Merry a prize (for her good work).
学校(因为她工作好而)奖励了梅丽。
He was awarded a gold cup in acknowledgment of his creative achievements for the development of the company.
公司奖给他一个金杯,以感谢他为公司发展所作出的创造性成就。
He was awarded the gold medal for being the fastest runner.
他跑得最快,因而获得了金牌。
Martin Ruther King Jr. was awarded the peace Nobal prize of 1964 for advocating nonviolence policy in the movement for civil rights.
小马丁.路德.金因为主张民权运动中采取非暴力政策而被授予1964年诺贝尔和平奖。
10.
on a large scale 大规模地
e.g.They are preparing for war on a large scale.
他们正在大规模地备战。
Any public demonstration on a large scale without the permission of the city authorities is antisocial.
不得市政当局的允许举行大规模游行示威是妨害社会秩序的。