b) 社会科学类文章（Social science passages） 此类文章可能涉及历史，政治或宏观经济等社会科学领域的话题。具体地说包括美国历史、弱势群体（少数民族、 黑人、女性）以及法律（法律史）等等。 “Recent years have brought minority-owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities……….”“In the two decades between 1910 and 1930, over ten percent to the Black population of the United States left the South……”“Historians of women's labor in the United States at first largely disregarded the story of female service workers-women earning wages in occupations…..”

c) 商业类 （Business passages） 此类的GMAT 文章数量众多，而且涉及范围也十分广泛。比如市场营销，存货处理，以及日常管理等等。 “Excess inventory, a massive problem for many businesses, has several causes, some of which are unavoidable…..” “Traditionally, the first firm to commercialize a new technology has benefited from the unique opportunity to shape product definitions, forcing followers to adapt to a standard or invest in an unproven alternative….”此类文章由于行文较简单，所以题目一般会比较难，会有高难的“信息题”出现，所以要求你在你对原文理解的基础上听出“弦外之音”或看出“话里话”。建议在处理这类文章的时候适当放慢速度，较为仔细地阅读。

3. 套路统一

虽然GMAT文章的题材广泛，学术高深，但是它有很强的模式：典型的论证文章。这里要强调一点：文章的主题与结构本身的重要性远甚于文章内容的重要性。这就是我们在GMAT阅读备考中的“套路远远高于题材”之说。具体地说，在GMAT阅读中，不管文章如何千奇百怪，都可归纳成四种演进方式：

a. 旧观点--> 新观点；
“It was once believed that the brain was independent of metabolic processes occurring elsewhere in the body”--> “In recent studies, however, we have discovered that the production and release in brain neurons of the neuro- transmitter serotonin neurotransmitters are compounds that neurons use to transmit signals to other cells) depend directly on the food that the body processes.”

b. 现象-->解释 （有时惟一，有时不惟一）
“Historians of women's labor in the United States at first largely disregarded the story of female service workers” --> “To explain this unfinished revolution in the status of women, historians have recently begun to emphasize the way a prevailing definition of femininity…….”；

c. 问题-->解决
“Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems” --> “I would like to make an outrageous suggestion that would at one stroke provide funds…..”

d. 结论--> 解释。
“Two modes of argumentation have been used on behalf of women's emancipation in Western societies. Arguments in what could be called the "relational" feminist tradition………..”

在这个基础上，每篇拥有特定套路的文章中基本都能找出一个总结全文的主题句（topics Sentence）。例如对于新旧观点对立型的文章，新观点即为主题句，而问题解决或现象解释文章的主题句就是作者给予正评价的解决方案或解释。把握套路之后就可以把握好每篇文章的结构以及每篇文章的核心，于是也把握住了ETS 希望我们把握的最重要的东西。