2004年MBA英语模拟试题及答案(一)
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Section Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (10 points)
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this
section. For each sentence there are four choices marked
A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes
the ,gen-tence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on
the ANSWER SHEET I with a pen-cil.
21. Whenever the government increases public services,
because more workers are needed to carry out these
services.
A. employment to rise B. employment rises
C. which rising employment D. the rise of employment
22. New Years Stature of Liberty was designed to be a
beacon for ships and a monument
A. as well B. in addition to
C. together D. the two
23. Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania, a town in the eastern part
of the state, was named
one of the greatest American athletes.
A. the honors B. for honored C. in honor of D. to honoring
24. His new appointment takes from the beginning of next
month.
A. place B. effect C. post D. possession
25. I would just as soon you the book yesterday.
A. returning B. returned C. would return D. had returned
26. They always kept on good with their next-door
neighbors for the childrens sake.
A. friendship B. relations C. intentions D. terms
27. If you your demand, then maybe you will have more
chance of getting what you want.
A. conduct B. dismiss C. moderate D. overcome
28. Color-blind people often find it difficult to between
blue and green.
A. distinct B. distinguish C. separate D. divide
29. The forecast for this evening is wind and rain, the
outlook for tomorrow is fine and sunny.
A. out of hand B. on every hand
C. on the other hand D. on all hands
30. The village is only __ by river.
A. attainable B. available C. accessible D. obtainable
31. It was Smith who called while I was out.
A. no other but B. no other than
C. no one than D. none other than
32. __ the silkworm produces a fluid internally and then
forces it out through tiny holes in its body.
A. It makes silk and B. Having made silk
C. Silk is made by D. To make silk
33. are fed into a tape-recorder, they magnetize the
particles on the tape in varying patterns.
A. When electric waves B. Electric waves
C. Electric waves that D. Because of electric waves
34. Amoebas are small to be seen without a microscope.
A. far too B. far and C. so far D. as far as
35. The nectarine is a fruit __ like a peach.
A. as B. much C. and D. to
36. __ kinds of dinosaurs were dying out all through the
Age of Reptiles is true.
A. Some B. Some were C. When some D. That some
37._________to blame for the many troubles you have
encountered.
A. It is notIwhoam B. It is notIthatis
C. It is not me who am D. It is not me that is
38. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then
to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder_________out
and three men climbing down it.
A. throwing B. being thrown
C. having thrown D. having been thrown
39. The physicist has made a discovery,____of great
importance to the progress of sci-ence and technology.
A. I think which is B. that I think is
C. which I think is D. which I think it is
40. As it turned out to be a small house party, we so
formally.
A. need not have dressed up B. must not have dressed up
C. did not need to dress up D. must not dress up
Section Ⅲ Cloze (5 points)
Directions: For each numbered blank in the following
passage, there are four choices marked A,B, C, and D.
Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER
SHEET1.
It is the firm belief of astronomers that there are living
creatures on other planets. It is also their earnest wish
that some day 41 may be made with such living creatures by
sending messages in the form of radio signals. The 42 of
communicating with people on other plan-ets may one day
come 43 since radio telescopes have now been invited .
Scientific project of various kinds are now being launched
to 44 signals or to receive sig-nals from distant planets.
The question now arises: What sort of message should be
sent so that it could be understood? To send a message in
any language would be impractical 45 it would certainly
not be intelligible.
It is the opinion of scientists that a signal in the 46 of
a simple arithmetic sequence might be understood.
Scientists think that pictures might also be understood,
so it would be a good idea to send pictures of the people
47 our planet.
Pictures of domestic animals together with 48 crops we
raise for our food might also be 49. Pictures of houses
and buildings might convey further information about our
life and society.
As time goes on, TV pictures might be sent, which would
further acquaint the beings on other planets 50 life and
the level of civilization on our planet.
41. A. connection B. touch C. contact D. relationship
42. A. imagination B. dream C. nightmare D. fancy
43. A. true B. untrue C. impossible D. possible
44. A. send B. post C. deliver D. release
45. A. then B. as C. and D. therefore
46. A. kind B. type C. form D. category
47. A. settling B. inhabiting C. existing D. establishing
48. A. vicious B. various C. vary D. vision
49. A. transformed B. transmitted C. transferred D.
transplanted
50. A. on B. as C. with D. about
Section Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (40 points)
Part A
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each
passage is followed by some questions or un-finished
statements. For each of them there are for choices marked
A, B, C, andD. You should decide on the best choice and
blacken the corresponding letter on theANSWER SHEET1 whit
a pencil.
Questions 51 to 54 are based on the foUowing passage:
Despite a cooling of the economy, high technology
companies are still crying out for skilled workers. The
Information Technology Association of America projects
that more than 800,000 technology jobs will go unfilled
next year. The lack of qualified workers poses a huge
threat to the U.S. economy.
The most commonly cited reason for this state of affairs
is that the countrys agrarian-age education system,
separated from the needs of the business world, fails to
prepare students in the primary and secondary grades for
twenty-first-century work. Yet an inadequate and outmod-ed
education system is only part of the problem. A less
tangible but equally powerful cause is an antique
classification system that divides the workforce into two
camps: white-collar knowl-edge workers and blue-collar
manual laborers.
Blue-collar workers emerged in the United States during
the Industrial Age as work migra-ted from farms to
factories. White-collar office workers became a
significant class in the twenti-eth century, outnumbering
their blue-collar brethren by mid-century. But the white
or blue par-adigm has clearly outlived its utility.
Corporations increasingly require a new layer of knowledge
worker: a highly skilled multi-disciplinarian who combines
the mind of the white-collar worker with the hands of the
blue-collar employee. Armed with a solid grounding in
mathematics and science ( physics, chemistry, and
biology), these “gold-collar” workers-so named for their
contributions to their companies and to the economy, as
well as for their personal earning abili-ty-apply that
knowledge to technology. Of course, the gold-collar worker
already exists in a wide range of jobs across a wide range
of businesses: think of the maintenance technician who
tests and repairs aircraft systems at American Airlines;
the network administrator who manages systems and network
operations at P&G; the advanced-manufacturing technician
at Intel.
But until American business recognizes these people as a
new class of worker, one whose collar is neither blue nor
white, demands that schools do a better job of preparing
employees for the twenty-first-century workforce will be
futile.
51. According to the passage the lack of qualified workers
A. makes a cooling of the economy.
B. decreases the costs of high technology companies.
C. emphasizes the importance of unfilled jobs.
D. hinders the development of U. S. economy.
52. From the second paragraph we learn that
A. the workforce classification is as serious as the
reason of education system.
B. twenty-first-century work are separated from the needs
of the business world.
C. white-collar worker is only part of the problem of
education system.
D. blue-collar manual laborers are needed in agrarian-aged
America.
53. It can be inferred that the gold-workers differ from
white collar and blue collar workers in that they
A. wear gold-collar working clothes when they are on duty.
B. do better in combining their contributions and earning
abilities.
C. grasp the knowledge and engage in labor work as well.
D. apply the arts knowledge to technology.
54. The best title for the text maybe
A. 800,000 Technology Jobs Unfilled.
B. Gold-workers Needed.
C. U.S. Economy threatened.
D. Schools Fail to Train Gold-workers.
Questions 55 to 58 are based on the following passage:
Computer programmers often remark that computing machines,
with a perfect lack of dis-crimination, will do any
foolish thing they are told to do. The reason for this
lies, of course, in the narrow fixation of the computing
machines "intelligence" on the details of its own percep-
tions its inability to be guided by any large context. In
a psychological description of the com-puter intelligence,
three related adjectives come to mind: single-minded,
literal minded, and simple-minded. Recognizing this, we
should at the same time recognize that this single-mind-
edness, literal-mindedness, and simple-mindedness also
characterize theoretical mathematics,though to a lesser
extent.
Since science tries to deal with reality, even the most
precise sciences normally work with more or less
imperfectly understood approximations toward which
scientists must maintain an ap-propriate skepticism. Thus,
for instance, it may come as a shock to mathematicians to
learn that the Schrodinger equation for the hydrogen atom
is not a literally correct description of this atom but
only an approximation to a some that more correct equation
taking account of spin,magnetic dipole, and relativistic
effects and that this corrected equation is itself only an
imper-fect approximation to an infinite set of quantum
field theoretical equations. Physicists, looking at the
original Schrodinger equation, learn to sense in it the
presence of many invisible terms in addition to the
differential terms visible, and this sense inspires an
entirely appropriate disre-gard for the purely technical
features of the equation. This very healthy skepticism is
foreign to the mathematical approach.
Mathematics must deal with well-defined situations. Thus,
mathematicians depend on an intellectual effort outside of
mathematics for the crucial specification of the
approximation that mathematics is to take literally. Give
mathematicians a situation that is the least bit ill-
defined,and they will make it well-defined, perhaps
appropriately, but perhaps inappropriately. In some cases,
the mathematicians’ literal-mindedness may have
unfortunate consequences. The mathematicians turn the
scientists; theoretical assumptions, that is, their
convenient points of analytical emphasis into axioms, and
then take these axioms literally. This brings the danger
that they may also persuade the scientists to take these
axioms literally. The question, central to the scientific
investigation but intensely disturbing in the mathematical
context-what happens if the axioms are relaxed? -is
thereby ignored.
The physicist rightly dreads precise argument, since an
argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses
all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are
slightly changed,whereas an argument that is convincing
though imprecise may well be stable under small agita-
tions of its underlying assumptions.
55. The author discusses computing machines in the first
paragraph primarily in order to
A. indicate the dangers inherent in relying to a great
extent on machines.
B. illustrate his views about the approach of
mathematicians to problem solving.
C. compare the work of mathematicians with that of
computer programmers.
D. provide one definition of intelligence.
56. According to the passage, scientists are skeptical
toward their equations because scientists
A. work to explain real, rather than theoretical or
simplified situations.
B. know that well defined problems are often the most
difficult to solve.
C. are unable to express their data in terms of multiple
variables.
D. are unwilling to relax the axioms they have developed.
57. According to the passage, mathematicians present a
danger to scientists because
A. Mathematicians may provide theories that are
incompatible with those already devel-oped by scientists.
B. Mathematicians may define situations in a way that is
incomprehensible to scientists.
C. Mathematicians may convince scientists that theoretical
assumptions are facts.
D. scientists may come to believe that axiomatic
statements are untrue.
58. The author suggests that the approach of physicists to
solving scientific problems is
A. practical for scientific purposes.
B. detrimental to scientific progress.
C. unimportant in most situations.
D. expedient, but of little long-term value.
Questions 59 to 62 are based on the following passage:
At an office in Hampton, Virginia, in the east of the
United States, a team of ten net-sav-vy workers scours the
web for sexual content, from basic sex education to sex
acts. This “quali-ty assurance” team is making sure that
the blocking component of Symantecs Norton Internet
Security 2000 computer program remains effective. This is
because there is widespread parental concern about
blocking websites with sexual content from children.
Website blocking is nothing new-services like Net Nanny
and programs like Cyber Patrol and Guard Dog have been
around for a few years now, protecting children and
reassuring par-ents that only wholesome websites are
accessed by the youngsters. Net Nanny and Cyber Patrol
will prevent access to any questionable sites when the
program is in place.
Now Symantec says it has created a new category in
consumer software with a package that combines website
blocking with a "firewall, protecting your computer from
hackers, snoopers and viruses, as well as preventing
inadvertent disclosure of personal data.
In short, Norton Internet Security ( NIS), as the program
is called, is designed to serve as the guardian of your
digital health, keeping the bad things out and the private
things in.
The Symantec program can be configured in many ways, -the
website blocking, for exam-ple, can be set to be either
selectively permissive or total in its banning of
websites, or switched off entirely. Also, Symantecs list
of no-go areas, which on the CD now stand at a-round
36,000 addressed, is not confined to sex sites. The team
in Virginia is also on the look-out for sites advocating
drugs, or which contain references to violence or
gambling, and keeps a watch on chat rooms, e-mail
services, entertainment portals-even job search and
financial pa-ges. These sites can be blocked by the
program.
Computer users can also refresh the address list online
with the live update feature which is used by Norton Anti-
Virus (which is bundled with NIS) to load the latest virus
definitions.
This service is free for the first year but, including
virus definition updates, it costs $ US 19.95 a year
thereafter.
The system is not perfect, however. Limited testing found
the blocking of some “question-able” sites was not
comprehensive. Trying to get access to a well-known US
site such as Play-boy results in an immediate blocking
message with a standard invitation to report an
“incorrectly categorized” site. By contrast, you could
find in other countries such as New Zealand a sex site
which declared itself to be "dedicated to providing sexual
material, imaged, and any thing a little bit unusual for
sex enthusiasts all over the country".
59. We can infer from paragraph 1 that
A. the net-savvy workers are interested in searching the
web for sexual content
B. this quality assurance team have difficulty in making
sure that the blocking component effective for the
parents request
C. the parents all over the world do not want the sexual
websites to be blocked
D. the parents all over the world concern that their
children will be harmed by the sexual websites
60. The functions of NIS is NOT to
A. protect computers from virus
B. protect personal data from inadvertently disclosed
C. protect computers from being invaded by other persons
D. forbid other people sharing your personal data
61. Which is NOT included in the Symantecs list of no-go
areas?
A. sex sites B. gambling sites
C. violence sites D. shopping sites
62. Which the following statement is true according to the
passage?
A. The program cannot only block the harmful websites
computer users but also refresh the address list.
B. The NIS program is free, but you should pay $19.95 per
year for the virus update.
C. Both the program and virus update are free.
D. Computer users should pay $19.95 every year the time
they begin to use the program.
Questions 63 to 65 are based on the following passage:
The decline of civility and good manners may be worrying
people more than crime, accord-ing to Gentility Recalled,
edited by Digby Anderson, which laments the breakdown of
tradition-al codes that once regulated social conduct. It
criticizes the fact that “manners” are scorned as
repressive and outdated.
The result, according to Mr. Anderson--director of the
Social Affairs Unit, an independ-ent think-tank--is a
society characterized by rudeness: loutish behavior on the
streets, jostling in crowds, impolite shop assistants and
bad-tempered drivers.
Mr. Anderson says the cumulative effect of these-
apparently trivial, but often offensive-is to make
everyday life uneasy, unpredictable and unpleasant. As
they are encountered far more often than crime, they can
cause more anxiety than crime.
The book has contributions from 12 academics in
disciplines ranging from medicine to soci-ology and charts
what it calls the “coarsening” of Britain. Old-fashioned
terms such as “gentle-man” and “lady” have lost all
meaningful resonance and need to be re-evaluated, it says.
Ra-chel Trickett, honorary fellow and former principal of
St. Hughs College, Oxford, says that thenotion of
a "lady" protects women rather than demeaning them.
Caroline Moore, the first woman fellow of Peterhouse,
Cambridge, points out that “gentle-man is now used only
with irony or derision. The popular view of a gentleman is
poised some-where between the imbecile parasite and the
villainous one: between Woostcresque chinless wonders, and
those heartless capitalist toffs who are.., the stock-in-
trade of television.”
She argues that the concept is neither class-bound nor
rigid; conventions of gentlemanly behavior enable a man to
act naturally as and individual within shared assumptions
while taking his place in society.
For Anthony OHear, professor of philosophy at the
University of Bradford, manners are closely associated
with the different forms of behavior appropriate to age
and status. They curb both the impetuosity of youth and
the bitterness of old age.
Egalitarianism, he says, has led to people failing to act
their age. “We have vice-chancel-lors with earrings,
aristocrats as hippies.. , the trendy vicar on his
motorbike.”
Dr Bruce Charhon, a lecturer in public health medicine in
Newcastle upon Tyne, takes is-sue with the excessive
informality of relations between professionals such as
doctors and bank managers, and their clients. He says this
has eroded the distance and respect necessary in such
relationships. For Tristam Engelhardt, professor of
medicine in Houston, Texas, says manners are bound to
morals.
“Manners express a particular set of values,” he says.
“Good manners interpret and transform social reality.
They provide social orientation.”
63. According to the passage, the decline of good manners
is more worrying because
A. it leads to more crime in society.
B. people view manners as old-fashioned.
C. rudeness on the street cannot be stemmed out.
D. it can seriously affect our daily life.
64. Rachel Trickett seems to indicate the term “lady”
A. has acquired a different meaning. B. is too old-
fashioned to use.
C. is preferred by feminists. D. victimizes women in
society.
65. According to Caroline Moore, the media has projected a
image of the gentle-man.
A. humorous B. favorable C. negative D. traditional
Part B
Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then
give short answers to the five ques-tions. Write your
answers on the ANSWER SHEET 2.
Most Americans spend far more of their leisure time with
the mass media than in any other occupation. In addition,
most of us hear, see, or read some of the media while
engaged in oth-er activities. Thus an extremely large
number of our waking hours are spent with the mass media.
Of all the media, television is clearly dominant, with
newspapers a close second, at least as a source of news
and other information. Our exposure to all media is
important, howev-er, because all of them contribute
materials for the construction of that world in our heads.
For most people, increased use of one medium does not
decrease use of another. In fact, in certain eases, and
especially for certain purposes, the mere one uses one
medium, the more likely one is to use others.
There are various factors that can cause you to expose
yourself to the media selectively, a-voiding much of the
material with which you disagree. Some of that selective
exposure is proba-bly due to the psychological pressure
you feel to avoid the discomfort caused by confrontation
with facts and ideas contrary to your beliefs, attitudes,
or behavior..However, some selective exposure is not due
to the pressure for consistency but to other factors, such
as your age, edu-cation, and even the area in which you
live and the people with whom you associate.
Quite a different sort of factor that affects your media
experiences is the social context of expo-sure: whether
you are alone or with others when you are exposed to a
medium; whether you are at home, at the office, in a
theater, and so on. These contexts are as much as a
potential part of the message you will form as film images
on the screen or words on the page. In addition,that
social context affects-both directly and indirectly-the
media and the media content to which you become exposed.
New friends or colleagues get you interested in different
things. Other members of the family often select media
content that you would not have selected, and you be-come
exposed to it.
These various factors have se much influence on your media
exposure that so little of that exposure is planned.
66. In what condition do people sometimes tend to use more
media.?
67. What is the significance of peoples exposure to media?
68. Why are newspapers considered as an important medium
according to the passage?
69. Apart from personal preferences, what determines ones
choice of the media and media content?
70. What is the conclusion drawn from the passage about
the peoples exposure to media?
Section Ⅴ Translation ( 10 points)
Directions: In this section there is a passage in English.
Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and
write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET 2.
(71)Faced with more overseas commitments and fewer
resources, the US is increasingly relying on private
military companies to do some of its most difficult
international jobs.
These arent the mercenaries who parachute into hot spots,
guns blazing, for cold cash.
But theyre controversial nonetheless.
(72) Over the past 10 years, private military companies,
or PMCs, have quietly taken a central role in the
exporting of security, strategy, and training for foreign
militaries.
In the process, PMCs are raising questions about the
privatization of foreign policy, and whether a
profitseeking company can be accountable with limited
government oversight. (73)Oftentimes the companies are
training armies in disorder areas and once granted an
export license, they are minimally supervised.
(74) “The worry tends to have less to do with the people
involved than it has to do with the policy in place,”
says Deborah Avant, a George Washington University expert
who is writ-ing a book on PMCs.“Its a tool for foreign
policy in a less public way-and that is not a good thing
in the long term.”
Most recently, for example, the State Department approved
a license for a us company to help bolsters security in
Equatorial Guinea, an African country of half a million
people that is run by a military dictator and has no us
embassy.
(75) Defenders of the PMCs note that they are staffed
mostly by retired military officials and have eased the
pressure on US troops, which are increasingly burdened by
foreign interven-tions and peacekeeping missions.
David Isenberg, an arms-control analyst at DynMeridian, a
consulting firm, says, PMCs are often used in these
borderline situations, when working through official
channels is either too cumbersome or politically
difficult. "The administration likes it because it avoids
the pros-pect of creating a furor if something goes
wrong." he says.
Section Ⅵ Writing (15 points)
Directions: In this section, you are asked to write ct
composition entitled what is Do children in a large family
have more or fewer advantages than those in a family with
one or two children? Your composition should be based on
the outline given below. You composition should be about
120 words. Remember to write clearly on the ANSWER
SHEET 2.
Outline:
1.你对这一问题的看法
2.你的原因
3.总结全文
模拟试卷(一)答案解析
SectionⅡ Vocabulary and Structure
21.[答案]B
[注释]根据句子结构分析,Whenever引导了一个时间状语从句,所
以主句部分缺少主语和谓语,而A.C.D.三项均不能构成主谓
结构,而B答案正是主语和谓语结构,构成一般现在时。
22.[答案]A
[注释]as well是也的意思,用法相当于too;B项的inadditionto是
“除……外,又”,位置放于名词前;C.together是副词,是
“和……在一起”的意思。
23.[答案]C
[注释]“in honor of”为固定词组,意思是“为纪念……”,本句
的意思是:为纪念美国伟大的运动员而命名。
24.[答案]B
[注释]“take effect’为固定词组,意思是“见效,生效”。而
take place是“发生”的意思,take possession是“占有,占
领”的意思。
25.[答案]D
[注释]“just as soon”是“情隋愿地,宁愿”的意思,由此可以
判断出本题为虚拟语气,与过去事实相反,所以用过去完成
时。
26.[答案]D
[注释]on good terms为习语,表示“友好地”(friendly)
27.[答案]C
[注释]moderate此词有“节制”或“不过分”等意思
(make less violent Or extreme);conduct的意思是“.引导,管
理”,不常与demand搭配;dismiss是“解散”之意;over-
come是“克服”的意思,与demand搭配均不合理。
28.[答案)B
[注释]distinct形容词是“清楚的”、“清晰的”;
be distinct from是“与……不同”之意。而distinguish动
词,与between联用,表示“辨别”、“识别”之意;与from联
用,“把……区别开”的意思。
29.[答案]C
[注释]根据原文的语义分析,前后两个分句是转折的关系,只有C项
on the otherhand是“在另一方面”的意思,为正确答案。
out of
hand是“无法控制,脱手,告终,立即”的意思。
30.[答案]C
[注释]attainable是“可得到的”的意思,available也有“能得到
的;可得到的”的意思,但其语境搭配例句为:a bedspread
available in three colors.现在有的三种颜色的床罩;
accessible是“可到达的”的意思,能够指到达某个地方,符
合原文语境;obtainable指可以得到某种东西。
31.[答案]D
[注释]other than的意思是“(不是别人或它物)正是……”,表示
惊讶。本句的理解为:给我打电话的不是别人正是史密斯。
Nonebut
意为“只有”(=not anything Or anyperson)如:
None but the
aged and the sick stayed at home.“只有老人和病人呆在家
里。”此处用no other but或no other than都不妥。
32.[答案]D
[注释]根据语法分析,本句的主语和谓语已经齐备,所以要选择的
部分应为目的状语,可以排除A项和C项。由于主句的谓语动词
和分词没有时间的先后顺序,所以分词的完成式是不正确的,
要选择不定式作状语。
33.[答案]A
[注释]根据语法判断,所要选择的部分应为从句的主语,排除B项和
C项。又由于主句和从句不是因果关系,故排除D,所以正确答
案为A。
34.[答案]A
[注释]本句的意思是变形虫太小了,以至于不用显微镜是看不到
的。所使用的是too…to…句型,far在这里是副词,修饰too。
35.[答案]B
[注释]much like的意思是“十分像”的意思,本句可以译为:油桃
是一种很像桃的水果。
36.[答案]D
[注释]根据语法判断,这里应该是一个主语从句,因为istrue是主
句的系表结构,主语是一个句子dinosaurs were dying out。
由于that引导主语从句,所正确答案为B。
37.[答案]A
[注释]根据强调句型的规则,强调入时要用“his…who…”结构,
因而B、D均可排除。A和C的区别在于用“我”的宾格和主格之
分。根据短语bet。blame的结构,动词be前是主语,因此必须
用代词的主格,应选择A。
38.[答案]B
[注释]该题测试了两方面的内容,一是考查了see后接ing分词表示
动作的正在进行,二是考查了被动语态的用法。根据句子的意
思以及第二句后半句three menclimbing down的提示,可以很
快判断出应选择ing分词形式,C项和D项显然是错误的,A和B的
区别在于一个是主动态,一个是被动态,see的宾语
a rope ladder不可能自己扔出来,必须用被动形式,所以B是
正确答案。
39.[答案]B
[注释]此句为非限定性定语从句,应选择which作关系词,B被排除
在外;A的句子排列不合语法规则,也可不予考虑;C项中的
which在关系分句中作主语,符合规则;D项中it是多余成分,
所以C为正确答案。
40.[答案]A
[注释] A项采用的是“neednt have done”形式,表示“盛装打
扮”这一动作已经完成但没有必要,B项用的是“mustnt have
done’的形式,表示该动作不应该发生,C项用的是“didnt
need to do sth.”的结构,表示“我们”不必也没有“盛装打
扮”,D项则是现在不该做的事之意。根据题干的语义和结构,
聚会是过去发生的事,“盛装打扮”也是过去已经完成的动
作。而turn
out一词的作用暗示了结果的始料未及,因此正确答案无疑是A。
SectionⅢ Cloze
41.[答案]C
[注释]此题为词语辨析题。connection意为“To become joined
or united”,中文释意为:“连接,与……相连”,而且从此句的
动宾搭配可以看出是“make…with”,只有connection有这种
搭配;touch是指人与人,人与事或事与事之间的“触摸,接
触”,其英文解释为:
“The state of being in contact or
communication”,其固定搭配有:“in touchwith”(同……有联
系)、“keep in touch with”(和……保持联系);
relationship一
般指人与人之间的“关系”;contact是指“出于交流而进行的接
触”,固定词组有“have contactwith”(接触到,和……有联
系)。综合以上分析,再结合上下文,通过发射信号与外星的生
物产生联系,所以在上下文中contact最为合适。
42.[答案]B
[注释]此题为词语变异类题目。此处上下文的意思是:由于无线电
天文望远镜发明以来,与外星人交流的梦想就可能实现。
A.imagination的意思是:“An unrealistic i-
dea or notion;a
fancy”(空想,幻想不现实的想法或观念;幻想);由于上下文指出
这是可以实现的,所以此处的确切含义是“梦想”,而不是
“幻想”;B.dream这里是引申义,意思是:
“A condition or
achievement that is longed for;an aspiration”(梦想渴望的
状态或成就),符合文义,为正确答案;C.nishtmare是“梦
魇,噩梦”的意思,与原文的意思正反;D.fancy为
“imagination”的近义词,意为:
“ThementMfacultythrouShwhichwhims,visions,
and fantasies are summoned up;imagination,
especially Of
a whimsical orfantastic nature.”(想像力心智机能,能产生想
法、幻想、想像;想像,尤指有异想天开或空想的特性的),与
上下文不符。
43.[答案]A
[注释]此题考察固定搭配。梦想变为现实,英语中的搭配是
“come
true”,而不用“come possible”,尽管possible有“可能的意
思”。如果要表示有可能性这个含义,可以用“make…
possible”。
44.[答案]A
[注释]此题为词语辨析类题目。此处上下文的意思是:我们发射了
很多科学探测仪器,用来发射信号和接受从遥远星球发出的信
号。从语法判断,or引导了两个并列结构,我们可知此题要选
择一个receive的反义词。A.send是
“To transmit a message
ormessages”(传送信息传送一条或几条信息)的意思,专指传送信
号,为正确答案;B.post作动词时的意思是:“张贴,揭示,
邮递,布置”,而没有发射信号的意思;C.deliver在作“传
递”讲时的确切含义是:
“To bring or transpon lo the proper place
or recipient;distribute”(递送带到或运送到适当的地方或接受
者;分送),常用的语境是送货;D.release的意思是:“释
放,解放,放弃,免除,发表”,与“发射”的含义较远,这
个词常用的语境是:从监狱中释放出来。
45.[答案]B
[注释]此题为考察连词用法的语法类题目。根据上下文,此处原文
的含义是:用任何语言发送信号都是不实际的,因为这绝不明
智。所以此处需要选择一个表示弱因果关系的连词,这就是
as。此题最大的干扰项就是therefore。这也是一个表示因果的
连词,但考生需注意使用这个词的逻辑关系是:此词的前面是
因,后面是果,译成中文是“因此”意思;而as是前果后因。
所以根据上下文,as应为正确答案。
46.[答案]C
[注释]此题为词汇辨析题。此处文意为:科学家认为以简单的数学
形式发射的信号可能会易懂。人kind表示种类,其确切含义
为:“A group of individuals linked by traitsheld in common.”
(同种,同类因具有共同的特性而联系在一起的个体的集合),而不
是表示形式;B.type的意思是
“A number of people or things
having in common traits orcharacteristics that distinguish
them as a group or class.”(类型一定数量的人或事物,具有把
他们与一个集体或种类区分开的共同特征或特点),也是表种
类,而非形式;C.form的意思是:
“The mode in which a thing
exists,acts,or manifests itself;”(形式,种类某物存在、
运作、显现的方式),例如:a form of animal life(动物的生
活方式);a formof blackmail(恐吓的方式)。符合上下文,为
正确答案;D.category的含义是:“A spe-
cifically defined
divisionin a system of classification;a class.”(种类在某
一分类系统中特别定义的部分;类别),也是表类别,而非形
式。
47.[答案]B
[注释]本题为词语辨析题。文意并不难理解,是居住在我们这个星
球上的人的意思。A.settling是“To establish ones
residence:定居建立某人的住处”的意思,既可以作及物动词,又
可以作不及物动词使用,其用法是:
settled her family in Ohio
(她家定居俄亥俄);settled in Canada(定居加拿大),可见与居住
在星球上,在语义上有些差别;B.inhabiting的含义是:“居
住于,存在于,占据,栖息”,可以作及物和不及物动词使
用,所以为正确答案;C.existing是“存在”的意思,与文意
相距甚远;D.establishing是“建立”的意思,与上下文的意
思不符。
48.[答案]B
[注释]词语辨析题。此题的干扰项设计的特点为:干扰项与答案拼
写比较相似。原文此处的含义可以判断为:各种各样的农作
物。A.vicious是形容词,词义为:“恶的,不道德的,恶意
的,刻毒的,堕落的,品性不端的,有错误的”,不可能用来
形容作物;B.various形容词,意思是:“不同的,各种各样
的,多方面的,多样的”,为正确答案;C.vary是动词,词义
为:“改变,变更,使多样化”;D.vision是名词,含义为:
“视力,视觉,先见之明,眼力,想像力,幻想,幻影,景
象”。
49.[答案]B
[注释]此题为词语辨析题。首先通过语法判断,可知这个动词的主
语是picture,又由于这句话是个被动语态,可知实际上
picture是这个动词的宾语。再观察答案,同时结合全文,可初
步判断这个动词的含义为传输图片信息。A.transformed的意思
是“转换,改变,改造,使……变形”,与原文的意思有所差
距;B.transmitted的含义是“传输,转送,传达,传导,发
射,遗传,传播”,专门用于信号的传输这一语境;C.trans-
ferred的意思为:“转移,调转,调任,传递,转让,改
变”,一个特定语境就是银行转账;D.transplanted的意思是:
“移植,移种”,与原文意思相差较远。
50.[答案]C
[注释]此题为考察固定搭配的题目。acquaint sb. with sth.为
固定词组,意为“使某人熟悉某事”。
SectionⅣ Reading Comprehension
Part A
51.[答案]D
[注释]本题的设计旨在考察考生对第一段细节的理解。第一段最后
一句指出:缺少合格的工人poses a huge threat(极大的威胁
着)美国的经济,这正是D项妨碍美国经济发展的意思,所以该
项为正确答案。A答案错在,原文第一句话指出:
Despite acooling of the
economy(尽管经济形式不好),高科技企业依然需要工人,这是一个
转折关系,而不是缺少熟练工人使经济不好,这是一个因果关
系。B项的内容没有提及。C项错在文章并没有说未满的工作职
位的重要性,更谈不上强调。
52.[答案]A
[注释]考生可利用排除法解题。根据A答案中的关键词
workforce
classification,可以把相关信息定位到第二段倒数第一句:
A less tangible but equally powerful cause is,…(一个
不太明显但影响同样重要的原因)是劳动力划分方法,再回读前
文寻找另一个原因:
Yet an inadequate and outmoded educmion system is
only part of the problem(然而,陈旧的教育体制只是一部分原
因),由此可以推断出划分方法和教育体制是同等重要的两个原
因,所以A为正确答案。B错在第二段第一句话中
separated from
theneeds of the business wodd是表语从句的过去分词,其逻辑主
语是education system,也就是说,是教育体制脱离了商业的
需要,而不是二十一世纪的工作,此答案偷换了主语。C答案的
错误是同样的,原文是说教育体制是部分原因,而不是白领工
人是教育体制的问题。D项并未提及。
53.[答案]C
[注释l文章第三段都在论述金领工人与白领工人和蓝领工人的区
别。考生需要在阅读全段的基础上作答。A答案的内容并未提
及。根据B答案的关键词contribu-tions和
earning abilities,考生可在第三段中部找到相关信息,原文
指出:这些金领工人named for(他们对公司和经济所做的贡献
和他们个人的工资收人能力,被冠以“金领”工人的名号),而
不是说他们更擅长于把贡献和收入更好的结合起来,所以B为错
误答案。根据本段第三句话和第四句话:金领工人结合了白领
的头脑和蓝领的手艺,把坚实的数理知识应用于技术中,可以
推断出金领工人就是既懂得知识,又能用知识劳动的人,正是C
答案的内容。D答案错在原文讲到金领工人是应用mathemat-
ics and science,而不是arts。
54.[答案]B
[注释]本文首段的第一句话就提出了文章的主题:极其需要金领工
人。第二段论述了缺少的原因,第三段讲述了和传统的白领和
蓝领工人相比,金领工人的独特特点,最后一段论述了造成金
领工人数量发展缓慢的原因,可见B为正确答案。A、C、D均为
文章的细节,而非主题。
55.[答案]B
[注释]此题是细节题。原文第1段第3句第4句指出:用心理学的词语
来描述计算机的智力,使人想起三个相关的形容词:单一心理
的,确切心理的以及单纯心理的
(Ina psychological description
Ofthe computer intelligence,three related a由
ectives come
tomind:single-minded,literal-mindedand simple-minded)。认
识到这一点的同时也应承认这种单一、确切、单纯的心理状态
也是理论数学的特征,虽然在较低程度上是这样
(Recognizing this we
should at the same time recognize that this single-
mindedness,literal-mindedness and simple-
mindedness also
characterizes theoretical mathematics,
though to alesser
extent)。
56.[答案]A
[注释]此题是细节题型。原文第二段第一句指出:既然科学要探讨
现实,甚至最精确的科学通常也是以多少尚未完全理解的近似
性来进行工作。因而对于这种近似性,科学家必须保持适当的
怀疑态度(since science tries to deal with reality,
even themost
precise sciences normally work with more or less
imperfecdy understood approxima—tions toward which
scientists must maintain an appropriate skepticism)。由此可
知,科学家对于科学方程式抱怀疑态度因为科学家的工作是解
释现实的情况而不是理论的或简化的情况
(scientists are skeptical
toward their equations because scientists work to ex—
plain real rather than theoretical or simplifled,
situations)。因此A是正确答案。
57.[答案]C
[注释]此题是细节题型。原文第三段5-7句指出:数学家把科学家提
出的理论假设(The mathematicians turn the scientists’
theoretical assumptions),即适合一时情况需要而分析强调的论
点(that is,their convenient pointsofanalyticalemphasis),
转变成公理(into axioms),然后照字面来理解这些公理把它看成事
实(and then take these axi-oms literally)。这就带来危险
(This brings the danger),数学家也可能说服科学家也照字
面来对待公理
(they may also persuade the scientists to take
these axioms literally)。于是忽视了这样一个对科学研究来说是
主要的,而在数学领域内则是极其扰乱人心的问题——假如公
理不严格,怎么办(The question,
central to the scientific
investigationbut intensely disturbing in the mathematical
context-what happens if the axioms are relax-ed?-is
thereby ignored)?由此可知,数学家给科学家带来一种危险,原因
是数学家可能说服科学家相信。理论假设就是事实
(mathematicians present a danger to scientistsfor the
reason that mathematicians may convince scientists that
theoretical assumptions arefacts)。因此C是正确答案。
58.[答案]A
[注释]此题是推断题。原文第2段3-4句指出:物理学家看到有独创
性的薛定锷方程式,从中学习领悟到除了独特的可见关系以
外,还有许多看不见的关系(Physi-cists,
looking at the original
Schrodinger equation,
learn to sense in it the presence of
manyinvisible terms in addition to the differential terms
visible)。这种领悟激发一种对方程式纯技术特点可以忽略不计的
完全合适的态度
(and this sense inspires an entirely appro—
pilate disregard for the purely technical features of the
equation)。这种非常健康的怀疑态度对于数学方法是陌生的
(This
vcry healthy skepticism is foreign to the
mathematicalapproach)。由此可以推论:作者暗示(suggests),物
理学家解决科学问题所采用的方法是切合科学目标实际的方法
(the
approach of physicists to solving scientitlc problemsis
practical for scientific purposes)。因此A是正确答案。
59.[答案]D
[注释]本题为细节题。文章第一段提到“This‘quality
assurance’team is making surethat the blocking component
of Symantecs effective.This is because there is
widespreadparental concern about blocking websites with
sexual content from children.”(质量保证小组正在努力确保赛
门铁克公司的计算机程序有效工作,因为世界各地的父母都关
心色情网站的封锁,以保护孩子们免受毒害)。B项错在
have difficuhy
in,文章并没有提到这样的困难。
60.[答案]D
[注释]通观整篇文章,其中提到“诺顿网络安全特警”既能防止无
意中泄漏个人信息,又能保护计算机免受黑客、偷窥者和病毒
侵袭,但并没有提到禁止其他人共享你的个人资料。
61.[答案]D
[注释]此题考察的是文章第五段的列举句。这段提到,赛门铁克在
光盘上提供的“禁入区”名单已列出3600个网址,内容不限于
色情网站,还包括暴力、赌博等,但并不包括购物网站。
62.[答案]A
[注释]文章中提到,计算机用户不仅可以使用NIS程序,还能利用和
它捆绑在一起的“即时更新”功能随时在线刷新“禁入区”名
单,这些服务第一年是免费的以后每年付19.95美元。
63.[答案]D
[注释]此题为综合判断题。人们对于礼貌水平下降感到格外担忧的
原因,可以在第二、第三段中找到。第二段说:
“There sult…is
a society characterized by rudeness:lout-
ish behavior On
the streets,jostling in crowds,
impolite shop assistants
and bad-tempereddrivers”(结果是:整个社会被粗鲁的举止所充
斥,例如大街上粗鲁的行为,在人群中冲闯,不礼貌的售货员
和坏脾气的司机等),第三段说:
“the cumulative effect of these…
is to make everyday life uneasy,unpredictable and
unpleasant.As they are encountered farmore often than
crime,they can cause more anxiety than crime”(由于人们每
天会遇到这样的不愉快事情,而且出现频率比犯罪还高)。所以
对于礼貌下降的担心来源于它影响到每个人的生活。
64.[答案]A
[注释]在第四段中,文章先谈到了“lady”失去了以往带有温柔、
令人尊敬的意味,已变得含有弱者的概念,对其概念应重新审
视。于是RachelTrickett认为“thenotionofa‘lady’
protects women
rather than demeaning them”(女士的含义应该是保护女性的,而
不是用来侮辱她们的)也就是说,Rachel Trickett认为
“lady’已经有了一个新的意思。因此,A更符合她的意思。
65.[答案]C
[注释]Caroline Moore对gentleman的看法是人们现在是带着讽刺和
嘲弄的口吻谈论gentleman的。在第五段中,她说:
“The popular
view of a gentleman is poised somewherebetween the
imbecile parasite and the villainous one.”(电视中的绅士形
象已经和低能的寄生虫与坏人结合起来了)。在一大堆的贬义
词,就是当今电视对于gentleman的普遍描绘。所以,他认为电
视中gentleman的形象是反面的。
Part B
66. When one uses on medium frequently, he may use more
media.
67. Mans exposure to media contribute materials for the
his value and outlook of life.
68. Newspaper contains the source of news and information.
69. Social context of exposure
70. The exposure cannot be predicted and arranged.
Section V Translation
短文大意:本文主要介绍在武装部队缩减的时代,美国转而求助于
私营公司履行军事外援工作。这些公司不是那种外国雇佣军,
为了冰冷的金钱而空降到热点地区。但是,他们仍然引起了人
们的争议:与此同时,私营军事公司也引出了一些有关对外政
策私营化问题的争论,以及一个营利的公司在政府监督有限的
情况下做事是否会负责任的问题。这类公司经常到动乱地区训
练部队:德博拉·阿旺是乔治·华盛顿大学的一位专家,正在
写一本有关私营军事公司的书。他说:“这是对外政策中一种
不大公开的手段——长此以往不是件好事。”
71.这个句子是一个简单句。“Faced with more overseas
commitments...”是过去分词短语做伴随状语,主句的主干是:
“the US is relying on private military companies”,不
定式短语作目的状语。参考译文:面对日益增多的海外义务和
逐渐减少的资源,美国正越来越多地依靠私营军事公司来完成
某些最困难的国际任务。
72.这个句子也是一个简单句。其句子主干是:“private
military companies have taken acentral role”,介词短语作宾
语补足语,“or PMCs”是同位语成分,“PMCs”是
“privatemilitary companies”的缩写。参考译文:在过去的10年
里,私营军事公司(简称PMC)在输出安全、战略及训练外军等工
作中悄悄地扮演着主要角色。
73.此句是一个由and引导的并列句。前半个分句是现在进行时的简
单句,后半个分句是once引导的状语从句。参考译文:这类公
司经常是到动乱地区训练部队,而一旦获得出口许可,他们就
很少受到监督了。
74.此句为一个直接引语。考生首先要注意的是按照中国人的说话
习惯,把说话人放于句首。其次,引语是一个比较句。
“less”又表达出否定的语气。参考译文:德博拉·阿旺是乔治·
华盛顿大学的一位专家,正在写一本有关私营军事公司的书。
他说:“这种担忧与其说是与参与此类活动的人有关,倒不如
说更与此项政策是否合适有关。”
75.此句为一个复合句。由一个宾语从句和一个非限定性定语从句
组成。主语是“De-fenders of the PMCs”,谓语是
“note”,宾语是由and引导的两个并列成分
“they arestaffed mostly by
retired military officials”和“have eased the pressure on
US troop”,后接一个非限定性定语从句,which指代and的并列成
分,也就是宾语从句的内容。参考译文:私营军事公司为自己
辩解说,公司里的职员大部分是退役军官,他们可以减轻美国
部队因介入外国事务和维和任务而肩负的越来越沉重的压力。
Section Ⅵ Writing
参考范文
Sample Passage
The children in a large family have more advantages than
those in a small family. My o-pinion is based on the
following reasons.
First, it is obvious that the children in a large family
can be brought up better than those in a family with only
one or two children. Everyone needs the care of others,
especially when he is young. If he has some brothers or
sisters, he will get more care from the family members.
For example, if he meets with some difficulty, his elder
brothers or sisters can always lend him a hand. If he is
the only child in the family, he cannot get the benefit.
Second, the children in a big family are usually more
cooperative with others outside the family circle. The
children in a big family can always learn something from
the elder. The younger can have chances to play not only
with their elder brother and sisters but also with the
friends of their elders’. As a result a cooperative
spirit sprouts in their minds. In contrast, the children
in a small family often play alone. As a result they are
always unsociable and uncooperative with the people
outside the family.
As it is said above, the children in a large family really
get more benefits than those in a small family.
(待续)
