MBA入学英语阅读100篇精粹-参考译文及答案与详解(14-1)
网络资源 免费考研网/2009-01-16
If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of
ambition wealth, distinction, control over ones
destiny must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on
ambitions behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have
vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must
be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired,
the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however,
it is the educated who have claimed to have given up on
ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps
most benefited from ambition___if not always their own then
that of their parents and grandparents. There is a heavy
note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door
after the horses have escaped--with the educated themselves
riding on them.
Certainly people dont seem less interested in success
and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European
travel, BMWs the locations, place names and name brands
may change, but such items dont seem less in demand today
than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that
people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and
openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing,
acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine
hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in
ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a
Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who
takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist
advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life,
whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For
such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the
proper formulation is, "Succeed at all costs but avoid
appearing ambitious."
The attacks on ambition are many and come from various
angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive,
where they are not extremely unattractive. As a result,
the support for ambition as a hcahhy impulse, a quality to
be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably
lower than it has ever been in the United States. This
doesnt mean that ambition is at an end, that people no
longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no
longer openly honored, it is less openly professed.
Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are
that ambition is driven underground, or made sly.Such,
then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics,
on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as
usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in
life.
1. It is generally believed that ambition may be well
regarded if
[ A ] its returns well eompensate for the sacrifiees
[ B ] it is rewarded with money, fame and power
[ C ] its goals are spiritual rather than material
[ D] it is shared by the rich and the famous
2. The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably
implies that it is
[ A ] customary of the educated to discard ambition in
words
[ B] too late to cheek ambition once it has been let out
[ C ] dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment
of the goal
[ D ] impraetieal for the educated to enjoy benefits
from ambition
3. Some people dont openly admit they have ambition because
[ A ] they think of it as immoral
[ B ] their pursuits are not fame or wealth
[ C ] ambition is not closely related to material
benefits
[ D ] they dont want to appear greedy and contemptible
4. From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that
ambition should be maintained
[A] secretly and vigorously [ B ] openly and
enthusiastically
[ C ] easily and momentarily [ D ] verbally
and spiritually
[参考译文及重点词汇再现]
如果人们正确看待(regard)抱负(ambition),那么人们肯定会认为它所带来的回报(reward)——财富(wealth)、荣誉(distinction)以及对自己命运(destiny)的主宰(contr01)值得(worthy)为它做出牺牲(sacrifice)。如果抱负的传统是为了激发活力(vitality),那么就应该得到人们的广泛认可(share);尤其应该得到那些受人羡慕(admired)之土的高度重视,特别是那些受过良好教育(educated)的人们。然而,令人奇怪的是,正是那些受过良好教育的人声称他们已不再把抱负当作理想(ideal)。奇怪的是,他们中的大部人可能已经从抱负中获得了利益(benefit)——如果不是从他们自己的抱负中获得了利益,那么就是从他们的父辈和祖父辈的身上获得了利益。这些人的话中含有很明显的虚伪(hypocrisy)成分,显著的例子就是:马跑后才去关马厩门——而受过良好教育者自己正骑在马上。
当然,与过去相比,现在的人们对成功(Success)以及成功标志(sign)的兴趣似乎并没有减少。避暑别墅(summerhome)、欧洲之旅(Europeantravel)以及宝马轿车(BMWs)——这些别墅的位置(10cation)、旅游的景点(placename)以及轿车的品牌(namebrand)可能会改变,但与十年前或二年前相比,对这类东西的需求(demand)似乎并没有减少。有所改变的就是,人们不能坦承(confess)自己的梦想(dream),不能再像以前那样能够轻松、公开地表露自己的理想,他们这样做是怕别人说自己爱出风头(pushing)、贪得无厌(acquisitive)以及没有品味(vulgar)。于是,我们现在看到的虚伪现象(hypocriticalspectacle)似乎比以前任何时候都多(ample):批评美国实利主义(material—ism)的批评家(critic)在南安普敦拥有避暑别墅;出版激进(radical)书籍的出版商(publisher)到三星级宾馆(three-starrestaurant)就餐;鼓吹(advocate)分享民主制度(participatory democracy)的新闻 记者(joumalist)把自己的孩子送人私立学校就读(enroll)等等。对于这样的人以及更多其他的人来说,可能没有什么例外,恰当的解释是“不惜一切代价获得成功,但避免表现出有抱负(ambitious)。”
对抱负的攻击(attack)很多,这些攻击来自于不同的角度(angle);它的公开捍卫者(defender) 很少,给人的印象也不深刻(unimpressive),但是他们这些人也不是特别没有吸引力(unattractive)。结果,在美国,人们不再像以前那样把抱负看成是一种健康的动力(healthyimpulse),看成是一种应该受到羡慕、应该深深地扎根(叙)于年轻人心目(mind)中的品质,因而对它的支持可能比以前少了。但这并不意味着人们没有了抱负,人们感受不到它对人的鼓舞(stirring)和启发(prompting)厂,只不过是人们不再公开以它为荣(honor),更不愿公开表白(profess)它了。当然,由此产生了一些后果,其中有些就是抱负被迫转入地下(underground),或是被暗藏(sly)心中。于是,情况就成了这样:左边站立的是愤怒的批评家,右边站立的是愚笨的支持者,而中间,正如平常一样,站立的是大多数(m却ority)诚挚的(earnest)人们,努力追求着成功(getoninlife)。
(以上由曹其军老师供稿)
(以上内容版权归中国MBA网拥有,未经许可,不得转载。-待续)
