绝密★启用前
英语模拟试题二
Section V Translation (10 points)
Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET 2.
Although we can say less with certainty about language learning than we like to pretend, a few generalizations are possible. First, in most situations, learning will be effective providing that there is extensive exposure to the target language and plenty of opportunities for the learner to use it. Second, in learning languages, as in learning other abilities, students tend to systematize: they create systems which may or may not be entirely appropriate, and experiment with them, and they learn by doing this. 71. Third, they are more likely to learn if they are being encouraged by such factors as a warm and positive classroom environment, previous success in English, and confidence in the teacher.
Recent developments in syllabus design have tended to emphasize more the limitation than the extension of language exposure. 72. However, it is clear that the contemporary interest in authentic materials, whether spoken or written, allows the possibility of a much more extensive repertoire of materials for the teacher to expose students to. Materials, whether fully or merely semi-authentic, can be used successfully if there is some structure into which to fit them. The problem comes with the model which is generally followed over production by the students. Traditionally in the foreign language classroom students have been encouraged to produce more or less what they have been taught. 73. However, if we are to allow for the really large-scale exposure which is now possible, we also need to allow considerable opportunities for students to exercise themselves in fluency work which will encourage them to experiment with what they have heard or read. That is, we want students to develop their own transitional dialect of English as naturally as the classroom situation permits, by being given materials they communicate with; but the materials need not be simply what has been formally taught. It must include material which has been picked up unconsciously, from any source whatsoever, and stored and retrieved unconsciously also. 74. In other words, the development of fluency implies that students must do many things which are not entirely predictable, which may well sound rather odd, but which will indicate that their natural language learning capabilities are being exercised and encouraged.
75. Such an attempt to provide fluency activity may allow students to create their own systems and it may be promoted most successfully in a warm and friendly atmosphere, but will it not undermine confidence in the teacher who will apparently be failing to correct when he should correct, and will it not lead to students feeling that they are not succeeding as they flounder in inadequate English? These-very serious-questions can be answered, but answering them involves making some definite criticism of any strong functional——notional line at the secondary school level.
Section VI Writing (15 points)
76. Directions: You are asked to write a composition on Trying to Renew Knowledge. You are given the outline below. Your composition should be about 120 words. Remember to write clearly. You should write this composition on the ANSWER SHEET 2.
1. 更新知识的原因
2. 更新知识的方法
3. 你的观点
参考答案：
Section V Translation
71．再者，如果他们受到热烈、积极的教学环境、以往学习英语取得的成功以及对老师的信任等因素的鼓励，他们就更可能学习。
72．然而，学生对于口语或书面真实素材的同时兴趣为教师向学生展示这些素材的更广泛内容提供了可能性。
73．然而，如果我们打算考虑现在可能的真正大规模展示，我们也需要考虑为学生提供大量的机会，以便他们在流畅性练习中锻炼自己，这些流畅性练习将鼓励他们利用他们听到的和看到的东西进行实践。
74．换句话说，流畅性的提高意味着学生必须做许多完全意想不到的事情，必须做许多听起来很合理但很奇怪的事情，但这将表明他们的自然语言学习能力正在接受锻炼，正在被激发。
75．提供流畅性训练这种尝试可能让学生创建自己的体系，在一个祥和友好的环境中，它可能会被最成功地促进，但它难道不会削弱学生对教师（他在应该改正学生的错误时明显地没有改正错误）的信任吗？这难道不会导致学生在用不恰当的英语笨拙地讲话时感到他们没有取得成功吗？
Section VI Writing
Trying to Renew Knowledge
With the arrival of the 21st century, knowledge economy age is rapidly approaching, in which new knowledge emerges much faster than ever before. What’s more important, knowledge plays a decisive role in the whole economy. That is why every member of the modern society finds it urgent to renew his knowledge, otherwise he won’t be able to keep up with the swift development of the new age.
What are the ways to update knowledge? On the one hand, one can attend various courses at all types of schools, either part-time or full-time. On the other hand, however, one can also insist on self-study. It is, in a sense, a more convenient and practical method by which one can effectively renew his knowledge. As is well known, the fast development of modern communications devices makes it much easier to receive further education.
So far as I am concerned, I have mainly relied on self-study method in the recent years. I am a professional graduate on duty, so I really can’t afford the time spent at school. To meet the urgent needs of my work, I began to learn computer-operating skills and foreign trade chiefly through watching TV educational programs. So far, so good, the newly-acquired knowledge and skills indeed help me a lot, greatly facilitating my practical work. Never before have I been so determined to persist in my study in this way in order to further renew my knowledge.(英语模拟试题二全部刊登完毕)
(本试题属太奇内部资料，未经许可，不得转载。－待续)
