MBA入学英语阅读100篇精粹-参考译文及答案与详解(20)
网络资源 免费考研网/2009-01-16
Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an
Officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled
in the auction-room to make offers, or bids , fox the
various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher
figures, and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer
of the goods. This is calledknocking down the goods,for
the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hmnmer
on a table at which he stands. This is often set on a
raised platform called a rostrum.
The ancient Romans probably invented sales by
auction,and the English word comes from the latin
auctio,meaning increase. The Romans usually sold in this
way the spoils taken in war;these sales were called sub
basra,meaning under the spear ,a spear being stuck in
the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather. In England in
the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often
sold by the candle: a short candle was lit by the
auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight.
Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by
auction. Among these are coffee, hides, skins,wool, tea,
cocoa, furs, spices, fruit and vegetables and wines.
Auction sales are also usual for land and property,antique
furniture,pictures, rare books, oht china and similar works
of art. The auction-rooms at Christies and Sothebys in
London and New York are world-famous.
An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full
particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when
they can bc viewed by prospective buyers. If the
advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are
printed, and each group of goods to be sold together,
called a lot , is usually given a number.The auctioneer
need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in numerical
order;he may wait until he registers the fact that certain
dealers are in the room and then produce the lots they are
likely to be interested in.The auctioneers services are
paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods
are sold for. Theauctioneer therefore has a direct interest
in pushing up the bidding as high as possible.
The auctioneer must know fairly accurately the current
market values of the goods he is selling, and he should be
acquainted with regular buyers of such goods. He will not
waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also
play on the rivalries among his buyers and succeed in
getting a high price by encouraging two business
competitors to bid against each other. It is largely on his
advice that a seller will fix areserve price, that is,a
price below which the goods cannot be sold. Even the best
auctioneers,however,find it difficult to stop a knock-
out , whereby dealers illegally arrange beforehand not to
bid against each other, but nominate one of themselves as
the only bidder, in the hope of buying goods at extremely
low prices. If such a knock-out comes off, the real
auction sale takes place privately afterwards among the
dealers.
1. Why is the end of the bidding called "knocking down"?
2. In what order will the auctioneer produce the lots in
the real bidding?
3. Why does an auctioneer like to get high prices for the
goods the sells?
4. The "knuck-out" is illegal because____.
5. Who are involved in a "knock-out"?
[参考答案与详解]
1.Because the auctioneer bangs the table with a hammer.
答案在第一段的第5行:“Thisiscalled‘knockingdown’…atwhichhestands”。把信息加以提炼便成为符合要求的答案。
2.Hewillsellthemostinterestedonesbythebuyers.
按照问题中的“lots”可以确定答案在4段。“lot”一词反复出现,故比较醒目。第6行开始谈“order’(顺序)。答案的关键在此句中的“neednotbeginwith…”和“waituntilheregistersthefact …”一句中,通过上下文我们可以猜出“registerthefact”是“确定”的含义。
3.Because he can earn nlore himself.
答案可以紧接着2题的句子。即第4段的最后两句明确地告诉读者:拍卖师的酬金是按照他所拍卖商品的价格提成的。因此他便尽最大可能以最高价拍卖商品。
4.it’s a~anged beforehand tO buy goods at extremely low prices.
文章中作者用“非法”一词的副词形式来修饰后面的一系列动词:“arrange”、“to bid’、“nominate”、“buying”。对这一系列动作加以提炼便得出答案。
5.Buyers.
文章的最后一句话是答案所在。“dealers"就是“buyers’。
(以上由曹其军老师供稿)
(以上内容版权归中国MBA网拥有,未经许可,不得转载。-待续)
