考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。I. Multiple choices. There are 20 questions in this part. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both linguistics candidates and literature candidates must do this part. (20%) 1. There are altogether ________ nations within the British Commonwealth nowadays.A. 45B. 53C. 55D. 602. Christianity was first brought to England by ________. A. the RomansB. the CeltsC. the Anglo-SaxonsD. the Danes 3. _________ is not the reason for the very limited influence of Romans on Britain. A. That the Romans treated the Britons as a subject people of slave classB. That the Romans and Britons never intermarry during the four centuriesC. That the Romans did not like the BritonsD. That the Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons 4. England and Scotland are separated by ________. A. the Thames RiverB. the Clyde RiverC. the Lough NeaghD. the Hadrian’s Wall5. In 1337 the hostility between England and ________ resulted in the Hundred Years’ War. A. FranceB. SpainC. RussianD. Ireland6. In Britain only about ________ of the population are farmers but they manage 70% of the land area. A. 2%B. 3%C. 4%D. 5% 7. The goal of Roosevelt’s New Deal was to ________. A. save the American economic and political system B. get America out of the depression C. weaken monopoly interests in America D. strengthen the power of the president 8. There are ________ members in the Senate in the United States of America.A. 50B. 73C. 82D. 100 9. Los Angeles, as one of the most attractive tourist spots, ranks ________ as the place Americans most like to visit. A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth 10. ________ is America’s leading center of heavy industry, which is most important in the production of motor vehicles and other transportation equipments.A. The MidwestB. The SouthC. The MideastD. The North 11. The world famous Harvard University is in ________. A. MaineB. MassachusettsC. New YorkD. Washington D.C. 12. _________ of the American government has the power of final interpretation of the Constitution. A. The PresidentB. The House of RepresentativesC. The SenateD. The Supreme Court 13. Quebec province in Canada has a strong _________ culture. A. BritishB. GermanC. FrenchD. Italian 14. The economic backbone of Canada includes ________. A. agricultureB. entertainment industryC. fishingD. tourism15. The Parliament of Canada is composed of ________ and ________. A. the House of Lords; the House of Commons B. the Senate; the House of Representative C. the Senate; the House of Commons D. the Senate; the House of Lords 16. ________ first landed on Australia. A. Captain CookB. Christopher ColumbusC. Jacques CarterD. Willem Jansz17. In Australia, April 25this known as ________. A. Australian DayB. Anzac DayC. ANZUSD. Independence Day 18. A very important newspaper in New Zealand is ________. A. Evening PostB. The Wall Street JournalC. The Globe and MailD. The Sun 19. ________ claimed that Australia and New Zealand belonged to Britain in 1770. A. Abel TasmanB. Christopher Columbus C. James CookD. Amerigo Vespucci 20. Ireland is also called the Emerald Isle because of ________. A. Its shapeB. its connection with BritainC. its abundant natural resourcesD. its rich green countryside
II. Fill in the blanks with proper answers. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both linguistics candidates and literature candidates must do this part. (20%)1. Language is a means of ________ communication. 2. A ________ is a speech sound produced by a partial or complete closure of part of the vocal tract, thus obstructing the airflow and creating audible friction. 3. Morphology studies the ________ structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. 4. Variable words may have ________ changes as the same word may have different grammatical forms but part of the word remains relatively constant. 5. Word order refers to the ________ arrangement of words in a language. 6. Sentences may be classified along the intersecting dimensions of structure and ________. 7. The theory of meaning which relates the meaning of a word to the thing it refers to is known as the ________ theory. 8. The idea that the meaning of a sentence depends on the meanings of the constituent words and the way they are combined is known as the principle of ________. 9. Psycholinguistics has its roots in ________ linguistics on one hand, and in cognitive psychology on the other hand. 10. The sentence “Your claims are indefensible” is based on a metaphor “ARGUMENT IS WAR” in which ARGUMENT is conceptualized in terms of the ________ domain of WAR. 11. William Shakespeare has been universally acknowledged to be the summit of the English Renaissance. And of his great tragedies, _________ is considered the summit of his art. 12. ________’s masterpiece Utopia is divided into two books: the first book discusses the social condition of England, and the second book describes an ideal communist society, Utopia.13. John Milton’s ___________ tells how Satan rebelled against God and how Adam and Eve were driven out of Eden. The readers can easily discern the author’s intention —the exposure of reactionary forces of his time and passionate appeal for freedom. 14. Among the most impressive achievements of Victorian literature is the large-scale social-anatomy novel. George Eliot’s ________(1871-1872) is a distinguished instance in a group that includes Thackeray’s Vanity Fair, Dickens’ Bleak House, Mrs. Gaskell’s Wives and Daughtersand Trollope’s The Way We Live Now.15. ___________’s Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886) is a story of the double personality in human nature and the struggle between the good and evil within a single person.16. With the active romanticists, symbolic pictures represent a vague idea of some future society; but with the escapists, these often take on a mystic colo, as revealed in _________’s The Ancient Mariner. 17. Washington Irving’s “_____________” is a fantasy tale about a man who somehow steps outside the mainstream of life—he goes to sleep before the War of Independence and wakes up after it, which reveals the narrator’s conservative attitude toward changes.18. Henry David Thoreau’s ___________is a faithful record of his reflections when he was in solitary communion with nature, an eloquent indication that he not only embraced Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Transcendentalist philosophy but went even further to illustrate the pantheistic quality of nature. 19. African American literature attained to a higher degree of maturity in the spring of 1952 when__________’s Invisible Manwhich told an archetypal existential story of modern times was published. 20. J. D. Salinger wrote one novel, ___________, an influential book to come out of the postwar period. It depicts in eloquent language an adolescent’s disgust and despair at the fallen state of the adult world around him.III. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both linguistics candidates and literature candidates must do this part. (10%)Section A: Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False. If it is true, write Tand if it is false, write F. 1. There are many languages in today’s world that can only be spoken, but not written.2. Human beings are capable of making all kinds of sounds and make them systematic.3. In most cases, the number of syllables of a word corresponds to the number of morphemes.4. The external syntax of a construction refers to the properties of the construction as a part of whole. 5. The most distinguishable linguistic feature of a regional dialect is its grammar and uses of vocabulary.Section B: Givethe author's name andindicatethe genre of the following works.6. King Lear7. To the Lighthouse8. "Of Studies"9. "The Fall of the House of Usher"10. Leaves of Grass IV. Choose SIX from the following terms and explain them briefly. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%) 1. displacement2. manner of articulation 3. allomorph 4. endocentric construction5. metonymy 6. entailment 7. American Naturalism8. Gothic novel9. ballads10. Local Colorism11. Stream of Consciousness12. symbolV. Answer the following questions:Section A for linguistics candidatesand Section B for literature candidates. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40%)Section A：1. Do you agree that duality is one of the important design features of human language? 2. What is the relationship between phonetics and phonology? 3. Identify thesyntactic categories of the words in the following sentences first. Then draw a tree diagram for each of them. a) The philosophers visited the linguists. b) The philosophers complained about the linguists. 4. The following aresome euphemisms for dismissing employees. Analyzethem regarding the word formation processes that created them.a) career change opportunityb) decruitmentc) outplacementSection B：5.Why is Robinson Crusoeso important in the history of Englishliterature? What do you think of the protagonist Robinson Crusoe? 6.How does “Ode on a Grecian Urn”reflect John Keats’aesthetic ideal?7.Based on The Scarlett Letter, discuss the setting and the theme of Nathaniel Hawthorn’s works.8.In The Old Man and the Sea, what kind of spirit and what vision of the world are reflectedin Santiago’s experience? VI. Choose ONE of the following questions and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)1. Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (the authorof The Little Prince) once wrote: “The meaning of words lies not in the words themselves, butin our attitude toward them.” Do you think it is true, partially true, or false? Illustrate your point of view, providing examples if necessary. (for linguistics candidates)2. Analyze the theme, poetic form and rhetorical devices of the following poem and develop it into an essay with no less than 200 words.(for literature candidates)
The Arrow and the SongHenry Wadsworth LongfellowI shot an arrow into the air,It fell to earth, I knew not where;For, so swiftly it flew, the sightCould not follow it in its flight.I breathed a song into the air,It fell to earth, I knew not where;For who hassight so keen and strong,That it can follow the flight of song?Long, long afterward, in an oak,I found the arrow, still unbroke;And the song, from beginning to end, I found again in the heart of a friend.考研高分咨询罗老师电话/微信：**咨询QQ：**