In the United States, the first day nursery was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the 1 half of the 19th century; most of 2 were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U. S., the day nursery movement received great 3 during the First World War, when 4 of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established 5 in munitions plants, under direct government sponsorship. 6 the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose 7 , this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War, 8 , Federal State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control 9 the day nurseries, chiefly by 10 them。
The 11 of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were 12 called up on to replace men in the factories. On this 13 the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, 14 $ 6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities 15 this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared 16 in daycare centers receiving Federal 17 .Soon afterward, the Federal government 18 cut clown its expenditures for this purpose and later 19 them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their 20 at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled。
1.[A] latter [B] late [C] other [D] first
2. [A] those [B] them [C] whose [D] whom
3. [A] impetus [B] input [C] imitation [D] initiative
4. [A]sources [B] abundance [C] shortage [D] reduction
5. [A]hardly [B] entirely [C] only [D] even
6. [A] Because [B] As [C] Since [D] Although
7. [A] unanimously [B] sharply [C] predominantly [D] militantly
8. [A] therefore [B] consequently [C] however [D] moreover
9. [A] over [B] in [C] at [D] about
10. [A] formulating [B] labeling [C] patenting [D] licensing
11. [A] outset [B] outbreak [C] breakthrough [D] breakdown
12. [A] again [B] thus [C] repeatedly [D] yet
13. [A] circumstance [B] occasion [C] case [D] situation
14. [A] regulating [B] summoning [C] allocating [D] transferring
15. [A] expanded [B] facilitated [C] supplemented [D] compensated
16. [A] by [B] after [C] of [D] for
17. [A] pensions [B] subsidies [C] revenues [D] budgets
18. [A] prevalently [B] furiously [C] statistically [D] drastically
19. [A] abolished [B] diminished [C] jeopardized [D] precluded
20. [A] nurseries [B] homes [C] jobs [D] children
1--2.[A]和[B]。文意：美国第一家日托所建于1854年。日托所在各地普遍建立足在19世纪的后期；其中大部分都是慈善事业。两题均为语义关系型。the latter half为后半期。half只能和latter搭配，根据上下文判断就可以了。另外most of后面要用人称代词。
3.[A]。语义关系型。[A] impetus(推动，促进)；[B] in put(输入)：[C] imitation(模仿)；[D] initiative(主动权)。
4.[C]。语义关系型。[A ] sources(来源)：[D] abundance (丰富：充裕)；[C] shortage(短缺)；[D] reduction(减少)。3—4题的文意：第一次世界大战对建立日托所的运动是个促进，当时劳动力短缺使得大量妇女就业。
5.[D]。文意：在一些欧洲国家的政府直接倡导下，甚至在军火工厂里也建了日托所。本题也属于语义关系型。
6.[D]。语篇关系。分析全句，这是一个让步状语从句，故应用连词although。
7.[B]。语义关系。[A] unanimously (全体一致地，无异议地)；[B] sharply(急剧地)；[C] predominantly (主要地：支配其他地)；[D] militantly(好战地，激进地)。修饰动词rose的副词，四个 选项中只有sharply(急剧地)合适。6—7题的文意：尽管在美国托儿所的数目急剧增长，但并未得到政府的任何资助。
