7.分隔结构
With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be—even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature.
[参考译文]
然而就未来主义诗歌而言，情况就很难说了，因为不管未来主义诗歌是什么——即使承认其理论基础是正确的——也很难将其归为文学。
[结构分析]
本句的主干是the case is rather difficult, for... it can hardly be classed as Literature，前面的however表示本句与前一句形成对比，句首的介词结构With regard to Futurist poetry作状语，其中with regard to的意思是“关于…”；for... it can hardly be classed as Literature是一个并列分句，表示原因，主干是it can hardly be classed as Literature；for后面的从句whatever Futurist poetry may be表示让步，作状语；破折号之间的部分even admitting that...也是让步状语，其中that引导一个宾语从句that the theory... may be right，而从句的主语theory后又带有定语从句on which it is based。
8.关联结构
A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
[参考译文]
1996年进行的一项新闻调查表明，反科学的标签还被贴在其他许多团体身上——从主张消灭最后剩下的各种天花病毒的机构，到主张减少基础研究经费的共和党人。
[结构分析]
本句的主干是A survey...reveals that...，主语是survey，谓语是reveals，后面的that引导一个宾语从句，其主干是：the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well，后面的部分是from和to连接的两个名词：from authorities...to Republicans...，说明other groups的内容，而两个名词后面各自带一个定语从句，都由who引导。
The astonishing distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.
[参考译文]
读者对新闻媒体令人惊讶的不信任并非源于报道失实或报道技能较差，而是源于记者和读者之间世界观的日常冲突。
[结构分析]
本句的主干是distrust ... isn’t rooted in... but in... (不信任的根源不是…而是…)，其中be rooted in...的意思是“根源在于…”。注意：这是一种特殊句式，重点在but之后的部分。
9.难词与词组
Mr. McWhorter’s academic specialty is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.
[参考译文]
麦克沃特先生的学术专长是语言史和语言变化。举例来说，他认为“whom”一词的逐渐消失是很自然的，象古英语中词格结尾的消失一样不令人惋惜。
[结构分析]
本句是一个并列句，包含两个以and连接的分句，其中第二个分句比较复杂：宾语是the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example，接着是to be natural and no more regrettable，这一部分作上述宾语的补足语，最后是比较结构no more... than... (象…一样不…)。
10.指代
“The term ‘antiscience’ can lump together too many, quite different things,” notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science, “They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.”
[参考译文]
哈佛大学哲学教授杰拉尔德•霍尔顿在他1993年出版的《科学和反科学》一书中指出：“‘反科学’一词把太多很不相同的内容混为一谈——而这些内容只有一点是共同的，那就是它们往往惹恼或者威胁到那些自以为比别人知识更多的人。”
[结构分析]
本句是一个直接引语，说话人是Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton，动词note在此处的意思是“指出”。直接引语的第一部分是个简单句，其中lump together的字面意思是“把…混为一谈，把…归并到一起”。直接引语的第二部分比较复杂，主干是They have in common only one thing…，that they tend to annoy or threaten those…是同位语从句，说明先行词one thing的具体内容，其中those带有一个修饰它的定语从句who regard themselves as more enlightened。这一部分的难点之一是代词的指代问题：第一个they指代直接引语第一部分的too many, quite different things，因为they一般指代复数名词；第二个they也是一样；themselves就近指代前面的those，指人。要判断指代关系，可以根据“单复数”和“就近原则”等标准进行，然后将确定的指代对象代入，看是否通顺和合乎逻辑。
(本文撰写时参考了李传伟编著的《2010年考研英语真题长难句突破》和《2010年考研英语阅读真题全方位突破》)
