[C] The Middle Class in Conflict     [D] The Middle Class in Ruins。

　　这是标题题，重点考查文章主旨。直接看一下文首末段的首末名来确定答案。从选项可以看出，重点是在讨论中产阶级(middle class)，主题是一致的。

　　(首段)During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed by economic risk and new realties. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months。

　　(末段)From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind。

　　从首句可以看出主干的核心动词是transform改变。后一句，主体意思表达也是中产阶级将变穷(reduce to newly poor)，因此这其中负面的意味非常明显。

　　从最后一段的首句，分析出主干后会发现对于中产阶级来说目前的局势完全不是机会，而是挑战，(looks far less like an opportunity, and more like a acceleration of risk)可以看出中产阶级的生活正在发生巨大的变化，处在悬崖边上(on the cliff)，答案为B，其余的答案都太大和太小。

　　细节事实题

　　这是考研阅读考试中的重点题型，每年大概都有近一半的题目。主要考查的是对于文章具体细节事实的了解和判断，以及将文章内容和选项本身进行对比分析的能力。因此，这个题型最能体现句子解析能力，同时我们也发现做这个题的时候，词汇固然重要，但从结构上把握句子，有的时候能事半功倍，不完全认识词汇也能把题解决。

　　(07-01-23) According to Ericsson, good memory

　　[A] depends on meaningful processing of information。

　　[B] results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises。

　　[C] is determined by genetic rather than psychological factors。

　　[D] requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration。

　　This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome。

　　这是完全开放的细节题，只能以选项进行一个一个的查找。A选项比较没有特色，我们先看B，里面的两个词intuitive、cognitive不是太熟，但可以发现它们在文中是原词再现的。对比一下，会发现在结构上就不同。文章是the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one，选项是results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises，文章强调的是more的后面cognitive，而选项强调的是rather than的前面intuitive，明显是不同的。