1. 词语含义的理解

　　[1] Common sense is the measure of the possible；it is composed of experience and prevision；it is calculation applied to life。

　　☆ 常识是对可能性的衡量；它由经验和预见构成；它是应用在生活中的度量衡。

　　[2] If the failures of this world could realize how desperate half the present-day geniuses once felt，they would take heart and try again。

　　☆ 世上的失败者若能了解到当今的天才曾经有半数一度感到过多绝望，他们就会振作精神，再次努力。

　　[3] Intellectual endowments，internal drive，diligent working attitude and  indomitable spirit all are prerequisites of the success of scientific research。

　　☆ 聪明的天资、内在的动力、勤奋的工作态度和不屈不挠的精神，这些都是科学研究成功的前提。

　　2. 反义词的理解

　　[4] The reasonable man adapts himself to the world；the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the would to himself。

　　☆ 明白事理的人使自己适应世界，不明事理的人硬要世界适应自己。

　　3. 派生词的理解

　　[5] Increased means and increased leisure are the two civilizers of man。

　　☆ 越来越多的工具和越来越多的闲暇是使人们获得文明的两个要素。

　　[6] To think too long about doing a thing often becomes its undoing.                     

　　☆ 为做一件事情考虑太久常常做不成这件事。

　　[7] We exaggerate misfortune and happiness alike. We are never either so wretched or so happy as we say we are。

　　☆ 不幸和幸福被我们同样夸大了。我们从不像我们所说的那么痛苦，也从不那么快乐。

　　4. 比喻含意的理解

　　[8] Originality is unexplored territory. You get there by carrying a canoe—you can’t take a taxi。

　　☆ 创新是未开交的区域，你要到达那儿，只能独自去闯，不能搭便车。

　　5. 对比关系的理解

　　[9] It may be more comfortable to never make mistakes，but those men who， in their urge to be right once，make a thousand mistakes，are more useful to humanity。

　　☆ 永不犯错固然很好，但那些为了一次正确，而不惜犯一千次错误的人对大类更有用。

　　[10] Most arts require long study and application, but the most useful of all, that of pleasing, requires only the desire。

　　☆ 绝大多数艺术家需要长久的学习和实践，而最有用的艺术，即取悦人的艺术，自需要有此愿望。

　　[11] Real courage is when you know you’re licked before you begin, but you begin anyway and see it through no matter what.                  

　　☆ 真正的勇气是在开始之前你就知道已经败了，但仍然着手去做，而且不管发生什么事都把它做到底。

　　[12]  It is seldom very hard to do one’s duty when one knows what it is，but it is often exceedingly difficult to find this out.                            

　　☆ 在知道自己的责任时时尽责往往并不困难，但弄清责任何在常常极其费力。

　　[13]  It is not money，as is sometimes said，but the love of money—the excessive，selfish，covetous love of money，that is the root of all evil。

　　☆ 全钱并非如人们有时所说的那样是万恶之源。对金钱的追求一过度的、自私的、贪婪的追求，才是真正的根源。

　　[14]  What is called a great master is a person who sees with his own eyes what others have seen， but he can find beauty in the common sights.   →V+A+O

　　☆ 所谓大师就是这样的人，他以自己的眼睛看别人看到过的东西，但是能够从常见的东西中发现美。

　　[15] The drop of rain makes a hole in the stone，not by violence，but by the frequency of falling。

　　☆ 滴水穿石靠的不是强力，而是不断的下落。

　　[16] The worst sin towards our fellow creatures is not to hate them，but to be indifferent to them. That’s the essence of inhumanity。

　　☆ 我们对作为同类的其他人所犯下的最大罪过不是憎恨，而是漠不关心，那是不近人情的本质。

　　6. 修饰语的范围

　　短定语须前置，理解为包孕句

　　[17]  All truth，in the long run，is only common sense clarified。

　　☆ 从长远来看，所有的真理都只是已被澄清的常识。

　　[18] I think of a hero as someone who understands the degree of responsibility that comes with his freedom。

　　☆ 我认为英雄就是了解与他们的自由伴随而来的责任程度的人。

　　[19] Friendship is really the most sacred，which merits not only special worship but also eternal praise。

　　☆ 友谊实在是最神圣的东西，不仅值得特别尊敬，而且值得永远赞颂。

　　[20] The true value of a human being is determined primarily by the measure and the sense in which he has attained liberation from the self.   

　　☆ 人的真正价值，首先取决于他在多大的程度和怎样的意义上获得自我的解放。        

　　[21] Anxiety is the essential condition of intellectual and artistic creation and everything that is finest in human history。

　　☆ 渴望是智力创造，艺术创作及大类历史上一切最美好的事物的根本条件。

　　[22] There are no conditions to which a man cannot become accustomed，especially if he sees that all those around him live in the same way。

　　☆ 没有什么环境是人所不能适应的，尤其是在看到周围的人都以相同方式生活时。

　　[23] Isn’t it strange that we talk least about the things we think about most？

　　☆ 我们得谈得最少的，恰恰是我们想得最多的，这不是挺奇怪的吗？

　　[24] If one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams and endeavors to live the life he imagined，he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours。

　　☆ 一个人如果充满信心地向梦想的方向前进，努力实践所想像的生活，他就会迎来平常想不到的成功。

　　7。多重定语结构

　　[25] Thinking is the hardest work there is, which is probably the reason so few engage in。

　　☆ 思考是所有工作当中最困难的，这很可能是没有几个人思考的原因。

　　[26] Poetry should be great and unobtrusive，a thing which enters into one’s soul， and does not startle it or amaze it with itself，but with its subject。

　　☆ 诗歌应当是非凡而不唐突的，它是这样一种东西：它进入人的心灵，不是以其本身，而是以其主题使之震动或惊奇。

　　[27] A good scientist is a person with original ideas. A good engineer is a person who makes a design that works with as few original ideas as possible。

　　☆ 一个好科学家是一个有独创性见解的人。一个好工程师是一个尽量不用任何独创见解来进行设计的人。

　　[28] The great society is a place where men are more concerned with the quality of their goals than the quantity of their goods。

　　☆ 伟大的社会是这样的地方，人们更关心的走自己的目标的质童而非财富的数量

　　[惯用句法：定语从句中套用状语从句]

　　8. 多重状语结构

　　[28] The holy passion of friendship is of so sweet and steady and loyal and enduring a nature that it will last through a whole lifetime，if not asked to lend money.

　　☆ 友谊这种神圣的情感如此甜蜜、稳定、忠诚和持久，它会贯穿一个人生命历程的始终，只要不张口借钱。

　　[29] Wise living consists perhaps less in acquiring good habits than in acquiring as few habits as possible。

　　☆ 明智的生活方式与其说是养成好习惯，还不如说是养成尽可能少的习惯。

　　[30] Faith may be defined briefly as an illogical belief in the occurrence of the improbable.   【介词短语作状语】

　　信仰可以简洁地定义为对不可能之事的发生所持的不合逻辑的信念。

　　[31] Obviously， to the clever or the dull by nature，if they are determined to get praiseworthy achievements， they must study hard and practise more。

　　☆ 很显然，无论是天资比较聪明的人或走天资比较驽锐的人，如果他们决心要得到值得称违的成就，都必须勤学苦练才行。

　　[32] Nothing makes the earth seem so spacious as to have friends at  a  distance；they make latitudes and longitudes。