[B] fails to consider rivals’ reactions.
[C] includes the detailed analyses of strategies of all rival companies.
[D] functions well for the development of most companies.
3. The positive effect of war games owes to the following EXCEPT_______.
[A] the role playing of competitors
[B] the composition of several turns
[C] the introduction of quantitative factors
[D] the rising popularity of the game
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
[A] Both BAH and Open Options developed their own software tools for data analysis of war games.
[B] The war game service expands slowly because of its high fee.
[C] “Preference trees” refers to desired outcomes of the companies.
[D] War game’s predictive ability is not convincing
5. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the success of war games?
[A] feedback
[B] mathematics
[C] interaction
[D] consideration of enemy
篇章剖析
本文是一篇说明文,围绕实战演习的商业用途及其价值这个话题进行了分析。第一段先简单介绍了什么是实战演习,第二段则立刻引入话题,指出公司制定战略的传统方式存在的缺点,从而提出本文的主要观点,即公司实战演习能够帮助更好地理解自身与竞争对手的状况。第三段介绍了实战演习的两个特点;第四、五段介绍了两家提供实战演习服务的咨询公司策划的实战演习内容及其效果。最后一段对文章进行了总结,进一步指出了实战演习的重要价值所在。
词汇注释
scenario [si`nB:ri[u] n. 情景;场面 quantitative [`kwRntitEtiv] adj.数量的, 定量的
prompt [prRmpt] v. 激励;刺激 identify [`aifdentifai] vt. 识别, 鉴别
analogy [[`nAlEgi] n. 类似, 类推 pump [pQmp] v. ]把灌注; 倾注
abound [[`baund] vi. 多, 富于, 充满 proprietary [prR`praiEtEri] adj. 所有的
stimulate [`stimjuleit] v. 刺激, 激励 astonish [`EstRniF] v. 惊奇,惊讶
multiple [`mQltipl] adj. 多样的, 多重的 trade-off n. 交换, 协定, 交易
consultancy [kEn`sQltnsi] n. 咨询; 顾问公司 algebra [`AldVibrE] n. 代数学
revenue [`revinju:] n. 收入 stifle [`staifl] vt. 使窒息, 抑制
难句突破
Mr McDermott says the game's predictive power was astonishing: one forecast, that a company would start to acquire a certain group of assets within the industry, came true within six months.
主体句式 Mr McDermott says…
结构分析 这个句子乍一看非常长,但是其结构却相当清楚。主要结构为Mr McDermott says the game's predictive power was astonishing,后面冒号的作用是举例进一步说明前面提到的结论。冒号后面句子的主体句式为one forecast came true within six months,而that 引导的这个句子是one forecast的具体内容,是一个同位语从句。
句子译文 麦克德莫特先生说这种演习的预测能力是惊人的:其中的一个预测是,一家公司将开始在该产业内得到一组资产,而这在六个月之后竟然真的实现了。
题目分析
1.D. 语义题。根据上下文,讨论了实战演习是否能够用于商界,并谈到许多老板都在向中国古代的著名军事家孙武学习管理技巧。显然,商业人士已经在运用很多军事上的理论。四个选项中,只有D最符合文意。
2.B. 细节题。文章第二段中,正如办公用品公司施乐公司的首席战略官约翰·麦克德莫特指出,“传统的计划方式很少把竞争者的反应考虑在内”,显然答案是B。
3.D. 细节题。从第三段和第四段中,我们可以找到实战演习之所以能够产生积极效果,是因为这种演习拥有两个重要的特点,同时还加入了“quantitative element”。而D选项并不是实战演习积极效果的原因,而是结果。