五、段落原则

　　段落推断原则考查考生对段落内容的理解，分为两类题型：段落首句推断和段落中句子推断。针对这两种具体题型的原则为：先看首句，如与选项符合即可选择，不必再浪费时间看完整个段落，如首句不能与选项吻合时再将整个段落读完以寻找符合的选项。

　　1.段落首句推断

　　例

　　straitford president george friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution， a spymasters dream. last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in ukraine.“as soon as that report runs， well suddenly get 500 new internet sign_ups from ukraine，”says friedman， a former political science professor.“and well hear back from some of them.”open_source spying does have its risks， of course， since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. thats where straitford earns its keep.

　　it can be learned from paragraph 4 that.

　　straitfords prediction about ukraine has proved true

　　straitfords guarantees the truthfulness of its information

　　straitfords business is characterized by unpredictability

　　straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information[2003年44题]

　　d[正确答案]

　　2.段落中句子推断

　　例

　　but it is hardly inevitable that companies on the web will need to resort to push strategies to make money. the examples of virtual vineyards， amazon.com， and other pioneers show that a web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity， hospitality， and security will attract online customers. and the cost of computing power continues to free fall， which is a good sign for any enterprise setting up shop in silicon. people looking back 5 or 10 years from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge.

　　we learn from the last paragraph that .

　　pushing information on the web is essential to internet commerce

　　interactivity， hospitality and security are important to online customers

　　leading companies began to take the online plunge decades ago

　　setting up shops in silicon is independent of the cost of computing power[1999年58题]

　　b[正确答案]