The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is _1_ to say it anyway. He is that _2_ bird, a scientist who works independently _3_ any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not _4_ thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.
_5_ he, however, might tremble at the _6_ of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only _7_ that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in _8_ are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.
This group generally do well in IQ test, _9_ 12-15 points above the _10_ value of 100, and have contributed _11_ to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the _12_ of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, _13_. They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, _14_, have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been _15_ to social effects, such as a strong tradition of _16_ education. The latter was seen as a (an) _17_ of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately _18_. His argument is that the unusual history of these people has _19_ them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this _20_ state of affairs.

1.    [A] selected    [B] prepared    [C] obliged    [D] pleased
2.    [A] unique    [B] particular    [C] special    [D] rare
3.    [A] of    [B] with    [C] in    [D] against
4.    [A] subsequently    [B] presently    [C] previously    [D] lately
5.    [A] Only    [B] So    [C] Even    [D] Hence
6.    [A] thought    [B] sight    [C] cost    [D] risk
7.    [A] advises    [B] suggests    [C] protests    [D] objects
8.    [A] progress    [B] fact    [C] need    [D] question
9.    [A] attaining    [B] scoring    [C] reaching    [D] calculating
10.    [A] normal    [B] common    [C] mean    [D] total
11.    [A] unconsciously  [B] disproportionately  [C] indefinitely     [D] unaccountably
12.    [A] missions    [B] fortunes    [C] interests    [D] careers
13.    [A] affirm    [B] witness    [C] observe    [D] approve
14.    [A] moreover    [B] therefore    [C] however    [D] meanwhile
15.    [A] given up    [B] got over    [C] carried on    [D] put down
16.    [A] assessing    [B] supervising    [C] administering    [D] valuing
17.    [A] development    [B] origin    [C] consequence    [D] instrument
18.    [A] linked    [B] integrated    [C] woven    [D] combined
19.    [A] limited    [B] subjected    [C] converted    [D] directed
20.    [A] paradoxical    [B] incompatible    [C] inevitable    [D] continuous

1.    B    2.    D    3.    A    4.    C    5.    C
6.    A    7.    B    8.    D    9.    B    10.    C
11.    B    12.    D    13.    A    14.    C    15.    D
16.    D    17.    C    18.    A    19.    B    20.    A
 
2009年考研英语（一）Cloze Test
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. _1_ the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer's piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly _2_ to live shorter lives. This suggests that _3_ bulbs burn longer, that there is an _4_ in not being too terrifically bright.
Intelligence, it _5_ out, is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow _6_ the starting line because it depends on learning — a gradual _7_ — instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they've apparently learned is when to _8_.
Is there an adaptive value to _9_ intelligence? That's the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance _10_ at all the species we've left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real _11_ of our own intelligence might be. This is _12_ the mind of every animal I've ever met.
Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would _13_ on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, _14_, is running a small-scale study in operate conditioning. we believe that _15_ animals ran the labs, they would test us to _16_ the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really _1_7, not merely how much of it there is.   _18_, they would hope to study a _19_ question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? _20_ the results are inconclusive.
1.    [A] Suppose    [B] Consider    [C] Observe    [D] Imagine
2.    [A] tended    [B] feared    [C] happened    [D] threatened
3.    [A] thinner    [B] stabler    [C] lighter    [D] dimmer
4.    [A] tendency    [B] advantage    [C] inclination    [D] priority
5.    [A] insists on    [B] sums up    [C] turns out    [D] puts forward
6.    [A] off    [B] behind    [C] over    [D] along
7.    [A] incredible    [B] spontaneous    [C] inevitable    [D] gradual
8.    [A] fight    [B] doubt    [C] stop    [D] think
9.    [A] invisible    [B] limited    [C] indefinite    [D] different
10.    [A] upward    [B] forward    [C] afterward    [D] backward
11.    [A] features    [B] influences    [C] results    [D] costs
12.    [A] outside    [B] on    [C] by    [D] across
13.    [A] deliver    [B] carry    [C] perform    [D] apply
14.    [A] by chance    [B] in contrast    [C] as usual    [D] for instance
15.    [A] if    [B] unless    [C] as    [D] lest
16.    [A] moderate    [B] overcome    [C] determine    [D] reach
17.    [A] at    [B] for    [C] after    [D] with
18.    [A] Above all    [B] After all    [C] However    [D] Otherwise
19.    [A] fundamental    [B] comprehensive    [C] equivalent    [D] hostile
20.    [A] By accident    [B] In time    [C] So far    [D] Better still
1.    B    2.    A    3.    D    4.    B    5.    C
6.    A    7.    D    8.    C    9.    B    10.    D
11.    D    12.    B    13.    C    14.    D    15.    A