adv. 有效地；生效地；有力地；实际上
【例】[adv] 有效地
2011 年阅读Text 3
We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further.
参考译文：我们将这种出售媒介定义为自有媒介：拥有极大的客流量，以至于其他机构在那个环境中投放内容或电子商务引擎。这种趋势我们认为目前尚处于初级阶段，但它已开始蓬勃发展于零售商和诸如航空、酒店等旅游供应商，并将无疑会走得更远。
【例】[adv] 有效地
2014 年阅读Text 4
To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day.
参考译文：为了鼓励创新和竞争，该报告呼吁增加研究投入，设计有衔接性的课程体系，提高学生在21世纪有效解决问题和交流沟通的能力，增加对教师的资金投入，鼓励学者学以致用，应对当今的巨大挑战。
ineffectual
[ˌɪnɪˈfektʃuəl] n. 无用的人；无一技之长者
[ˌɪnɪˈfektʃuəl] adj. 无效的，不起作用的；徒劳无益的
ineffective [ˌɪnɪˈfektɪv]
adj. 无效的，不起作用的
efficient [ɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nt]
adj. 效率高的；效能高的
【例】[adj] 效率高的
2013 年完型
Although e-money might be more convenient and may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work against the disappearance of the paper system.
参考译文：尽管电子货币可能比以纸为基础的支付系统更便捷、效率更高，但还是有诸多因素阻碍了纸质系统的消失。
justify
词频 ★★★☆☆
v. [ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ] 证明……是正当的；认为有理
【例】[v] 认为有理(此处为justify 的过去分词作定语)
2012 年阅读Text 2
The company, a major energy supplier in New England, provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations.
参考译文：这家公司是新英格兰地区主要的能源供应商。上个星期，它宣布要背弃长期严格遵守核能法规的承诺，这在佛蒙特州激起了人们的义愤。
补充词汇
[近义词]
testify [ˈtestɪfaɪ]
v. 证实；证明
verify [ˈverɪfaɪ]
v. 核实；证明
【例】[v] 核实
2013 年阅读Text 4
However, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.
参考译文：然而，法官们说，将允许亚利桑那州警方核实那些涉及执法事宜者(指移民)的身份是否合法。
confirm [kənˈfɜː(r)m]
v. 确认；证实
affirm [əˈfɜː(r)m]
v. 证实；确认
lie
词频 ★★★☆☆
v. [laɪ] 躺；平放；位于
n. [laɪ] 谎话；谎言
形近词：underlie, underlying
【例】[n] 谎话；谎言
2009 年阅读Text 1
“That’s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you’re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.”
参考译文：那是一条我们延续了很久的谎言，而且它会滋生平庸。了解自己的优势所在并力求增强这一优势才能走向卓越。
形近词
underlie [ˌʌndə(r)ˈlaɪ]
v. 位于或存在于(某物)之下；构成……的基础(或起因)；引起
underlying [ˌʌndə(r)ˈlaɪɪŋ]
adj. 潜在的；根本的；在下面的
补充词汇
[词组]
lie in：在于；位于
lie with sb.：是某人的责任
puzzle
词频 ★★★☆☆
v. [ˈpʌz(ə)l] (使)困惑；(使)为难
n. [ˈpʌz(ə)l] 难题；谜；令人困惑的事物
形近词：puzzlement, puzzled
【例】[v] (使)困惑
2009 年阅读Text 4
The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often _____.
[A] influenced by superstitions
[B] troubled with religious beliefs
[C] puzzled by church sermons
[D] frustrated with family earnings
参考译文：约翰·戴恩的故事告诉我们，那些没有接受过良好教育的新英格兰人经常______。
[A] 受到迷信的影响
[B] 有宗教信仰的困惑
[C] 对教会的布道感到迷惑不解
[D] 为家庭收入沮丧
形近词
puzzlement [ˈpʌz(ə)lmənt]
n. 迷惑；困惑；谜；费解
puzzled [ˈpʌz(ə)ld]
adj. 困惑的；茫然的
【例】[adj] 困惑的；茫然的
2011 年阅读Text 1
Regarding Gilbert’s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic, the author feels ______.
[A] doubtful
[B] enthusiastic
[C] confident
[D] puzzled
参考译文：关于吉尔伯特在复兴交响乐团中所起的作用，作者持______的态度。
[A] 怀疑的
[B] 热情的
[C] 自信的
[D] 困惑的
补充词汇
[同义词]
confuse [kənˈfjuːz]
v. 使困惑
satisfy
词频 ★★★☆☆
v. [ˈsætɪsfaɪ] 满足；使满意；说服
形近词：satisfied, dissatisfied, dissatisfaction
【例】[v] 满足；使满意
2007 年阅读新题型
Even if a job’s starting salary seems too small to satisfy an emerging adult’s need for rapid content, the transition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move.
参考译文：即便一份工作的起薪似乎太少，难以达到一个就要成年的人尽快自满自足的需求，但如果这个准成年人对此有充分准备，那这一从学校到工作的过渡可能就不会遇到太多的挫折。
形近词
satisfied [ˈsætɪsfaɪd]
adj. 感到满意的
【例】[adj] 感到满意的
2011 年阅读Text 4
It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks________.
[A] are constantly exposed to criticism
[B] are largely ignored by the media
[C] fail to fulfill their social responsibilities
[D] are less likely to be satisfied with their life
参考译文：由第三段可知，无儿女的人们________。
[A]常常是受人指责的对象
[B]在很大程度上被媒体所忽略
[C]未能履行他们的社会责任
[D]不太可能对自己的生活感到满意
dissatisfied [dɪsˈsætɪsfaɪd]
adj. 不满意的；不愉快的；不高兴的
dissatisfaction [dɪsˌsætɪsˈfækʃ(ə)n]
n. 不满足；不满意；令人不满意的事物
补充词汇
[词组]
be satisfied with：对……满意
be dissatisfied with：对……不满意
补充词汇
[近义词]
fulfill [fʊlˈfɪl]
v. 实现；履行(诺言等)；执行；完成；满足；使满意
【例】[v] 实现
2010 年阅读Text 1
It is writers’ duty to fulfill journalistic goals.
参考译文：实现新闻目标是作者的义务。
stock
词频 ★★★☆☆
n. [stɒk] 备料；库存；现货；股票；公债
v. [stɒk] 储存
【例】[n] 股票
2007 年阅读Text 3
Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money.
参考译文：和数百万的家庭一样，炼钢工人、航空公司员工以及如今的汽车工业从业者们都不得不开始担心利率、股市涨跌以及一个残酷的现实：他们也许没等死就会花完自己的退休养老金。
补充词汇
[词组]
stock price：股价
stock market：股市
laughing stock：笑柄
debate
词频 ★★★☆☆
n. [dɪˈbeɪt] 争论；争辩
v. [dɪˈbeɪt] 辩论；争论；思考
【例】[v] 辩论；争论
2007 年阅读Text 3
Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well.
参考译文：各类学者、决策人和评论人士已经讨论了这些改变可能引发的社会影响。但很少有人能看到这些变化的副作用，即家庭面临的风险也上升了。
【例】[n] 争论；争辩
